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1 angustus
angustus, a, um (v. Stamme ANG, griech. ΑΓΧ, wovon auch ango, ἄγχω, angulus), eng, schmal, I) eig.: a) v. Örtl., eng, schmal, nicht geräumig (Ggstz. latus), pons, Cic.: fenestra, Col.: vascula oris angusti, Quint.: via, semita, Liv.: scrobis, Tac.: trames, Plin. u. (bildl.) Lact.: montes, schmale (= steil abfallende), Caes.: non angustior amne, Ov.: fauces portus angustissimae, Caes. – subst., angustum, ī, n., die Enge, der enge Raum, per angustum, Lucr.: in angusto laborare, Sen.: in angusto tendere (kampieren), Liv.: in angusto si est, Cels.: Plur., Thermopylarum angusta, Sen.: angusta viarum, Verg. u. Tac. – b) v. anderen Dingen, eng, schmal, knapp, kurz (Ggstz. latus, amplus), conus, Lucr.: sagitta, mit schmaler Spitze, Cels.: spiritus angustior, kurzer Atem, Cic.: poet., intonet angusto pectore Callimachus, engbrüstig (u. dah. in kurzen, einfachen Sätzen), Prop.: sus, schmal, schmächtig, Plin.: folia, Plin.: clavus, der schmale Purpurstreif an der Tunika (Ggstz. latus cl.), Vell. u. Suet.: odor rosae, kurzer, d.i. nicht weit riechender Duft, Plin.: habenae, knapp, straff angezogen, Tibull. – II) übtr.: 1) im allg.: in angustum concludere, adducere, deducere, etwas in die Enge ziehen, d.i. einschränken, beschränken, Cic.: in angustum deducere perturbationes, die Leidenschaften beschränken, bezähmen, zügeln, Cic. – u. angustā differentiā, mit unmerklichem Unterschiede, Plin. 21, 23 zw. (Detl. differentia etiam gustu). – n. pl. subst., angusta, das Beschränkte (Ggstz. longe et late pervagata), Cic. top. 69. – 2) insbes.: a) v. der Zeit, beschränkt, knapp zugemessen, kurz, nox, dies, Ov.: tempus tum liberum tum angustum, Quint. – b) v. Besitz, Vermögen, Aufwand usw., knapp, beschränkt, dürftig, spärlich, gering, res frumentaria, Caes.: aquatio, Auct. b. Afr. 51, 5: liberalitas angustior, Cic.: pauperies, Hor.: angustas civium domos, auch die Haushaltungen der Bürger eng begrenzt (beschränkt) gewesen seien, Tac.: tenuis et ang. ingenii vena, Quint. – c) v. andern äußern Lebensverhältnissen, beschränkt, beengt, bedenklich, mißlich, res angustae, Cic.: fides angustior, geschwächter Kredit, Caes.: defensio, beschränkte, Cic.: so auch ang. et lubrica oratio, Tac. – subst., angustum, ī, n., die Klemme, die bedenkliche-, mißliche Lage, Verlegenheit, Not, in angustum nunc meae coguntur copiae, Ter.: res est in angusto, Caes.: spes est in angusto, es besteht wenig Hoffnung, Cels.: in angustum venire, ins Gedränge, in Verlegenheit kommen, Cic. – d) v. der sinnl. Empfindung, beschränkt, sensus (Plur.), Cic. Acad. 1, 44. – e) v. Gemüt u. Charakter, beschränkt, niedrig, engherzig, animi angusti est, es zeugt von Engherzigkeit, Cic.: alii minuti et angusti, Cic. – f) vom Vortrag, von der Rede usw., α) der »Form« nach auf wenige, kurze Sätze eingeschränkt, gedrängt, kurz, einfach, ang. et concisae disputationes, Cic.: quod si et angusta quaedam atque concisa et alia est collatata et diffusa oratio, Cic. – β) dem »Inhalt« nach in den Ansichten beschränkt, engherzig u. dah. auch peinlich, minutae angustaeque concertationes, Cic.: pungunt, quasi aculeis, interrogatiunculis angustis, mit ihren peinlichen Konsequenzmachereien, Cic.
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2 angustus
angustus, a, um (v. Stamme ANG, griech. ΑΓΧ, wovon auch ango, ἄγχω, angulus), eng, schmal, I) eig.: a) v. Örtl., eng, schmal, nicht geräumig (Ggstz. latus), pons, Cic.: fenestra, Col.: vascula oris angusti, Quint.: via, semita, Liv.: scrobis, Tac.: trames, Plin. u. (bildl.) Lact.: montes, schmale (= steil abfallende), Caes.: non angustior amne, Ov.: fauces portus angustissimae, Caes. – subst., angustum, ī, n., die Enge, der enge Raum, per angustum, Lucr.: in angusto laborare, Sen.: in angusto tendere (kampieren), Liv.: in angusto si est, Cels.: Plur., Thermopylarum angusta, Sen.: angusta viarum, Verg. u. Tac. – b) v. anderen Dingen, eng, schmal, knapp, kurz (Ggstz. latus, amplus), conus, Lucr.: sagitta, mit schmaler Spitze, Cels.: spiritus angustior, kurzer Atem, Cic.: poet., intonet angusto pectore Callimachus, engbrüstig (u. dah. in kurzen, einfachen Sätzen), Prop.: sus, schmal, schmächtig, Plin.: folia, Plin.: clavus, der schmale Purpurstreif an der Tunika (Ggstz. latus cl.), Vell. u. Suet.: odor rosae, kurzer, d.i. nicht weit riechender Duft, Plin.: habenae, knapp, straff angezogen, Tibull. – II) übtr.: 1) im allg.: in angustum concludere, adducere, deducere, etwas in die Enge ziehen, d.i. einschränken, beschränken, Cic.: in angustum deducere perturbationes, die Leidenschaften beschränken, bezähmen, zü-————geln, Cic. – u. angustā differentiā, mit unmerklichem Unterschiede, Plin. 21, 23 zw. (Detl. differentia etiam gustu). – n. pl. subst., angusta, das Beschränkte (Ggstz. longe et late pervagata), Cic. top. 69. – 2) insbes.: a) v. der Zeit, beschränkt, knapp zugemessen, kurz, nox, dies, Ov.: tempus tum liberum tum angustum, Quint. – b) v. Besitz, Vermögen, Aufwand usw., knapp, beschränkt, dürftig, spärlich, gering, res frumentaria, Caes.: aquatio, Auct. b. Afr. 51, 5: liberalitas angustior, Cic.: pauperies, Hor.: angustas civium domos, auch die Haushaltungen der Bürger eng begrenzt (beschränkt) gewesen seien, Tac.: tenuis et ang. ingenii vena, Quint. – c) v. andern äußern Lebensverhältnissen, beschränkt, beengt, bedenklich, mißlich, res angustae, Cic.: fides angustior, geschwächter Kredit, Caes.: defensio, beschränkte, Cic.: so auch ang. et lubrica oratio, Tac. – subst., angustum, ī, n., die Klemme, die bedenkliche-, mißliche Lage, Verlegenheit, Not, in angustum nunc meae coguntur copiae, Ter.: res est in angusto, Caes.: spes est in angusto, es besteht wenig Hoffnung, Cels.: in angustum venire, ins Gedränge, in Verlegenheit kommen, Cic. – d) v. der sinnl. Empfindung, beschränkt, sensus (Plur.), Cic. Acad. 1, 44. – e) v. Gemüt u. Charakter, beschränkt, niedrig, engherzig, animi angusti est, es zeugt von Engherzigkeit, Cic.: alii minuti et angusti, Cic. – f) vom Vortrag,————von der Rede usw., α) der »Form« nach auf wenige, kurze Sätze eingeschränkt, gedrängt, kurz, einfach, ang. et concisae disputationes, Cic.: quod si et angusta quaedam atque concisa et alia est collatata et diffusa oratio, Cic. – β) dem »Inhalt« nach in den Ansichten beschränkt, engherzig u. dah. auch peinlich, minutae angustaeque concertationes, Cic.: pungunt, quasi aculeis, interrogatiunculis angustis, mit ihren peinlichen Konsequenzmachereien, Cic.Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > angustus
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3 angustum
angustus, a, um. adj. [v. ango], narrow, strait, esp. of local relations, close, contracted, small, not spacious (syn.: artus, brevis, contractus;I.opp. latus,
Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92). [p. 120]Lit.:II.fretus,
Lucr. 1, 720:Angustum per iter,
id. 5, 1132; so Sall. J. 92, 7, and Vulg. Judith, 4, 6; 7, 5:pontes angusti,
Cic. Leg. 3, 17:domus,
id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:fauces portūs angustissimae,
Caes. B. C. 1, 25:fines,
id. B. G. 1, 2 Herz.:cellae,
Hor. S. 1, 8, 8:rima,
id. Ep. 1, 7, 29:Principis angustā Caprearum in rupe sedentis,
on the narrow rock, Juv. 10, 93 Herm., where Jahn reads augusta, both readings yielding an apposite sense:porta,
Vulg. Matt. 7, 13; ib. Luc. 13, 24 al.— Subst.: angustum, i, n., narrowness:per angustum,
Lucr. 4, 530:angusta viarum,
Verg. A. 2, 332:pontes et viarum angusta,
Tac. H. 4, 35.—Trop.A.In angustum concludere, adducere, deducere, etc., to reduce to a strait, i. e. to restrain, confine, etc.:B.ab illā immensā societate humani generis in exiguum angustumque concluditur,
Cic. Off. 1, 17:amicitia ex infinitā societate generis humani ita contracta est et adducta in angustum, ut, etc.,
id. Am. 5.—Of the passions, to curb, restrain, moderate:perturbationes animi contrahere et in angustum deducere,
Cic. Ac. 1, 10.—Of other things: clavus angustus, the narrow purple stripe upon the tunic, v. clavus:C.spiritus,
short, difficult, Cic. de Or. 1, 61:odor rosae,
not diffused far, Plin. 21, 4, 10, § 14.—Once also of the point of an arrow = acutus, Cels. 7, 5, n. 2.—Of time, short, brief:D.angustus dies,
Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 8; Stat. Th. 1, 442:nox,
Ov. Am. 3, 7, 25:tempus,
Luc. 4, 447.—Of means of living, and the like, pinching, scanty, needy:E.pauperies,
Hor. C. 3, 2, 1:res angusta domi,
Juv. 3, 164:mensa,
Sen. Thyest. 452: domus, poor, i. e. built without much expense, Tac. A. 2, 33.—Of other external relations of life, difficult, critical, uncertain:F.rebus angustis animosus atque Fortis adpare,
Hor. C. 2, 10, 21:cum fides totā Italiā esset angustior,
was weakened, Caes. B. C. 3, 1.— Subst.: angustum, i, n., a difficult, critical, condition, danger: in angustum cogi, * Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 2:res est in angusto,
the condition is perilous, Caes. B. G. 2, 25:spes est in angusto,
hope is feeble, Cels. 8, 4.—Of mind or character, narrow, base, low, mean-spirited:G.nihil est tam angusti animi, tam parvi, quam amare divitias,
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68:animi angusti et demissi,
id. Pis. 24, 57:ecce autem alii minuti et angusti, aut omnia semper desperantes, aut malevoli, invidi, etc.,
id. Fin. 1, 18, 61.—Of learned investigations that lay too much stress upon little things, subtle, hair-splitting:H.minutae angustaeque concertationes,
Cic. de Or. 3, 31:pungunt (Stoici) quasi aculeis, interrogatiunculis angustis,
id. Fin. 4, 3, 7.—Of discourse, brief, simple:I.et angusta quaedam et concisa, et alia est dilatata et fusa oratio,
Cic. Or. 56, 187:Intonet angusto pectore Callimachus,
i.e. in simple style, Prop. 2, 1, 40.— Adv.: angustē.Lit., of space, quantity, or number, within narrow limits, closely, hardly: recepissem te, nisi anguste sederem, if I were not in close quarters, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 3:II.anguste putare vitem,
to prune close, Col. 4, 16, 1; so,anguste aliquid deputare,
id. 4, 22, 3:quā (re frumentariā) anguste utebatur,
in small quantity, Caes. B. C. 3, 16:tantum navium repperit, ut anguste quindecim milia militum, quingentos equites transportare possent, = vix,
scarcely fifteen thousand, id. ib. 3, 2.— Comp.:angustius pabulabantur,
within narrower range, Caes. B. C. 1, 59:aliae (arbores) radices angustius diffundunt,
Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 5:quanto sit angustius imperitatum,
Tac. A. 4, 4:eo anno frumentum propter siccitates angustius provenerat,
more scantily, Caes. B. G. 5, 24.— Sup.:Caesar (nitebatur) ut quam angustissime Pompeium contineret,
Caes. B. C. 3, 45:furunculus angustissime praecisus,
Col. 4, 24, 17. —Trop.A.In gen., within narrow limits:B.anguste intraque civiles actiones coërcere rhetoricam,
Quint. 2, 15, 36.— Comp.: haud scio an recte ea virtus frugalitas appellari possit, quod angustius apud Graecos valet, qui frugi homines chrêsimous appellant, id est tantum modo utiles, has a narrower meaning, Cic. Tusc. 3, 8, 16:Reliqui habere se videntur angustius, enatant tamen etc.,
seem to be more hampered, id. ib. 5, 31, 87.—Esp. of speaking or writing, closely, briefly, concisely, without diffuseness: anguste scribere, Cic. Mur. 13, 28:anguste et exiliter dicere,
id. Brut. 84, 289:anguste disserere,
id. Part. Or. 41, 139:presse et anguste rem definire,
id. Or. 33, 117:anguste materiem terminare,
Quint. 7, 4, 40.— Comp.:Pergit idem et urget angustius,
Cic. N. D. 2, 8, 22:concludere brevius angustiusque,
id. ib. 2, 7, 20. -
4 angustus
angustus, a, um. adj. [v. ango], narrow, strait, esp. of local relations, close, contracted, small, not spacious (syn.: artus, brevis, contractus;I.opp. latus,
Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 92). [p. 120]Lit.:II.fretus,
Lucr. 1, 720:Angustum per iter,
id. 5, 1132; so Sall. J. 92, 7, and Vulg. Judith, 4, 6; 7, 5:pontes angusti,
Cic. Leg. 3, 17:domus,
id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:fauces portūs angustissimae,
Caes. B. C. 1, 25:fines,
id. B. G. 1, 2 Herz.:cellae,
Hor. S. 1, 8, 8:rima,
id. Ep. 1, 7, 29:Principis angustā Caprearum in rupe sedentis,
on the narrow rock, Juv. 10, 93 Herm., where Jahn reads augusta, both readings yielding an apposite sense:porta,
Vulg. Matt. 7, 13; ib. Luc. 13, 24 al.— Subst.: angustum, i, n., narrowness:per angustum,
Lucr. 4, 530:angusta viarum,
Verg. A. 2, 332:pontes et viarum angusta,
Tac. H. 4, 35.—Trop.A.In angustum concludere, adducere, deducere, etc., to reduce to a strait, i. e. to restrain, confine, etc.:B.ab illā immensā societate humani generis in exiguum angustumque concluditur,
Cic. Off. 1, 17:amicitia ex infinitā societate generis humani ita contracta est et adducta in angustum, ut, etc.,
id. Am. 5.—Of the passions, to curb, restrain, moderate:perturbationes animi contrahere et in angustum deducere,
Cic. Ac. 1, 10.—Of other things: clavus angustus, the narrow purple stripe upon the tunic, v. clavus:C.spiritus,
short, difficult, Cic. de Or. 1, 61:odor rosae,
not diffused far, Plin. 21, 4, 10, § 14.—Once also of the point of an arrow = acutus, Cels. 7, 5, n. 2.—Of time, short, brief:D.angustus dies,
Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 8; Stat. Th. 1, 442:nox,
Ov. Am. 3, 7, 25:tempus,
Luc. 4, 447.—Of means of living, and the like, pinching, scanty, needy:E.pauperies,
Hor. C. 3, 2, 1:res angusta domi,
Juv. 3, 164:mensa,
Sen. Thyest. 452: domus, poor, i. e. built without much expense, Tac. A. 2, 33.—Of other external relations of life, difficult, critical, uncertain:F.rebus angustis animosus atque Fortis adpare,
Hor. C. 2, 10, 21:cum fides totā Italiā esset angustior,
was weakened, Caes. B. C. 3, 1.— Subst.: angustum, i, n., a difficult, critical, condition, danger: in angustum cogi, * Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 2:res est in angusto,
the condition is perilous, Caes. B. G. 2, 25:spes est in angusto,
hope is feeble, Cels. 8, 4.—Of mind or character, narrow, base, low, mean-spirited:G.nihil est tam angusti animi, tam parvi, quam amare divitias,
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68:animi angusti et demissi,
id. Pis. 24, 57:ecce autem alii minuti et angusti, aut omnia semper desperantes, aut malevoli, invidi, etc.,
id. Fin. 1, 18, 61.—Of learned investigations that lay too much stress upon little things, subtle, hair-splitting:H.minutae angustaeque concertationes,
Cic. de Or. 3, 31:pungunt (Stoici) quasi aculeis, interrogatiunculis angustis,
id. Fin. 4, 3, 7.—Of discourse, brief, simple:I.et angusta quaedam et concisa, et alia est dilatata et fusa oratio,
Cic. Or. 56, 187:Intonet angusto pectore Callimachus,
i.e. in simple style, Prop. 2, 1, 40.— Adv.: angustē.Lit., of space, quantity, or number, within narrow limits, closely, hardly: recepissem te, nisi anguste sederem, if I were not in close quarters, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 3:II.anguste putare vitem,
to prune close, Col. 4, 16, 1; so,anguste aliquid deputare,
id. 4, 22, 3:quā (re frumentariā) anguste utebatur,
in small quantity, Caes. B. C. 3, 16:tantum navium repperit, ut anguste quindecim milia militum, quingentos equites transportare possent, = vix,
scarcely fifteen thousand, id. ib. 3, 2.— Comp.:angustius pabulabantur,
within narrower range, Caes. B. C. 1, 59:aliae (arbores) radices angustius diffundunt,
Varr. R. R. 1, 37, 5:quanto sit angustius imperitatum,
Tac. A. 4, 4:eo anno frumentum propter siccitates angustius provenerat,
more scantily, Caes. B. G. 5, 24.— Sup.:Caesar (nitebatur) ut quam angustissime Pompeium contineret,
Caes. B. C. 3, 45:furunculus angustissime praecisus,
Col. 4, 24, 17. —Trop.A.In gen., within narrow limits:B.anguste intraque civiles actiones coërcere rhetoricam,
Quint. 2, 15, 36.— Comp.: haud scio an recte ea virtus frugalitas appellari possit, quod angustius apud Graecos valet, qui frugi homines chrêsimous appellant, id est tantum modo utiles, has a narrower meaning, Cic. Tusc. 3, 8, 16:Reliqui habere se videntur angustius, enatant tamen etc.,
seem to be more hampered, id. ib. 5, 31, 87.—Esp. of speaking or writing, closely, briefly, concisely, without diffuseness: anguste scribere, Cic. Mur. 13, 28:anguste et exiliter dicere,
id. Brut. 84, 289:anguste disserere,
id. Part. Or. 41, 139:presse et anguste rem definire,
id. Or. 33, 117:anguste materiem terminare,
Quint. 7, 4, 40.— Comp.:Pergit idem et urget angustius,
Cic. N. D. 2, 8, 22:concludere brevius angustiusque,
id. ib. 2, 7, 20. -
5 angustum
ī n. [ angustus ]1) тесное пространство, теснота (in angusto laborare Sen, tendere L)2) pl. теснины, ущельеangusta viarum V, T — узкие проходы3) затруднение, стеснённое положениеin a. venire C — попасть в бедственное положение -
6 angustum
angustum, i, n. espace étroit, espace resserré; situation embarrassante, embarras, gêne. - angusta Pelori, Virg.: détroit de Pélore. - res est in angusto, Caes. BG. 2, 25: la situation est critique. - spes est in angusto, Cels. 8, 4: l'espoir est faible. - angusta viarum, Virg. En. 2, 332: détroits, défilés, passages difficiles. - in angustum adducere, Cic.: mettre à l'étroit. -
7 in
1.in (old forms endŏ and indŭ, freq. in ante-class. poets; cf. Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4; id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2; Lucil. ap. Lact. 5, 9, 20; Lucr. 2, 1096; 5, 102; 6, 890 et saep.), prep. with abl. and acc. [kindr. with Sanscr. an; Greek en, en-tha, en-then, eis, i. e. en-s, ana; Goth. ana; Germ. in], denotes either rest or motion within or into a place or thing; opp. to ex; in, within, on, upon, among, at; into, to, towards.I.With abl.A.In space.1.Lit., in (with abl. of the place or thing in which):2.aliorum fructus in terra est, aliorum et extra,
Plin. 19, 4, 22, § 61:alii in corde, alii in cerebro dixerunt animi esse sedem et locum,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19:eo in rostris sedente suasit Serviliam legem Crassus,
id. Brut. 43, 161:qui sunt cives in eadem re publica,
id. Rep. 1, 32 fin.:facillimam in ea re publica esse concordiam, in qua idem conducat omnibus,
id. ib.:T. Labienus ex loco superiore, quae res in nostris castris gererentur, conspicatus,
Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 4:quod si in scaena, id est in contione verum valet, etc.,
Cic. Lael. 26, 97:in foro palam Syracusis,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 33, § 81:plures in eo loco sine vulnere quam in proelio aut fuga intereunt,
Caes. B. C. 2, 35:tulit de caede, quae in Appia via facta esset,
Cic. Mil. 6, 15:in via fornicata,
Liv. 22, 36:vigebat in illa domo mos patrius et disciplina,
Cic. de Sen. 11, 37:in domo furtum factum ab eo qui domi fuit,
Quint. 5, 10, 16:nupta in domo,
Liv. 6, 34, 9:copias in castris continent,
in, within, Caes. B. C. 1, 66:cum in angusto quodam pulpito stans diceret,
Quint. 11, 3, 130:se ac suos in vehiculo conspici,
Liv. 5, 40, 10:malo in illa tua sedecula sedere, quam in istorum sella curuli,
Cic. Att. 4, 10:sedere in solio,
id. Fin. 2, 21, 66:Albae constiterant, in urbe opportuna,
id. Phil. 4, 2, 6. —Sometimes, also, with names of places: omnes se ultro sectari in Epheso memorat mulieres,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 182:heri aliquot adolescentuli coiimus in Piraeo,
Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 1:navis et in Cajeta est parata nobis et Brundisii,
Cic. Att. 8, 3, 6:complures (naves) in Hispali faciendas curavit,
Caes. B. C. 2, 18:caesos in Marathone ac Salamine,
Quint. 12, 10, 24:in Berenice urbe Troglodytarum,
Plin. 2, 73, 75, § 183.—In indicating a multitude or number, of, in, or among which a person or thing is, in, among (= gen. part.):3.in his poeta hic nomen profitetur suum,
Ter. Eun. prol. 3:Thales, qui sapientissimus in septem fuit,
Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 26:peto ut eum complectare, diligas, in tuis habeas,
id. Fam. 13, 78, 2; cf.:in perditis et desperatis,
id. ib. 13, 56, 1:omnia quae secundum naturam fiunt, sunt habenda in bonis,
id. de Sen. 19, 71:dolor in maximis malis ducitur,
id. Leg. 1, 11, 31:justissimus unus in Teucris,
Verg. A. 2, 426:cecidere in pugna ad duo milia... in his quatuor Romani centuriones,
Liv. 27, 12, 16:in diis et feminae sunt,
Lact. 1, 16, 17.—Of analogous relations of place or position:B.sedere in equo,
on horseback, id. Verr. 2, 5, 10:quid legati in equis,
id. Pis. 25, 60:sedere in leone,
Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 109:in eo flumine pons erat,
on, over, Caes. B. G. 2, 5:in herboso Apidano,
on the banks of, Prop. 1, 3, 6:in digitis,
on tiptoe, Val. Fl. 4, 267:castra in limite locat,
on the rampart, Tac. A. 1, 50:ipse coronam habebat unam in capite, alteram in collo,
on, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 27:oleae in arbore,
Cels. 2, 24:Caesaris in barbaris erat nomen obscurius,
among, Caes. B. C. 1, 61:in ceteris nationibus, Cels. praef. 1: qui in Brutiis praeerat,
Liv. 25, 16, 7:in juvenibus,
Quint. 11, 1, 32:nutus in mutis pro sermone est,
id. 11, 3, 66.—Of dress, like cum, q. v.:in veste candida,
Liv. 45, 20, 5; 34, 7, 3:in calceis,
id. 24, 38, 2:in insignibus,
id. 5, 41, 2:in tunicis albis,
Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 13:in Persico et vulgari habitu,
Curt. 3, 3, 4:in lugubri veste,
id. 10, 5, 17:in Tyriis,
Ov. A. A. 2, 297:in Cois,
id. ib. v. 298; cf.:homines in catenis Romam mittere,
Liv. 29, 21, 12; 32, 1, 8: quis multa te in rosa urget, etc., Hor C. 1, 5, 1; so, in viola aut in rosa, Cic. Tusc. [p. 912] 5, 26, 73.—So of arms:duas legiones in armis,
Caes. B. G. 7, 11, 6; cf. Verg. A. 3, 395:in armis hostis,
under arms, Ov. M. 12,65:quae in ore atque in oculis provinciae gesta sunt (= coram),
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 33, § 81; so,in oculis provinciae,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 2:in oculis omnium,
id. ib. 1, 3, 7:divitiae, decus, gloria in oculis sita sunt,
Sall. C. 20, 14; Curt. 4, 13, 1; Liv. 22, 12, 6:Julianus in ore ejus (Vitellii) jugulatur,
Tac. H. 3, 77; Sen. Ben. 7, 19, 7.—Of a passage in any writing (but when the author is named, by meton., for his works, apud is used, Krebs, Antibarb. p. 561):in populorum institutis aut legibus,
Cic. Leg. 1, 15, 42:in illis libris qui sunt de natura deorum,
id. Fat. 1, 1:in Timaeo dicit,
id. N. D. 1, 12, 30:epistula, in qua omnia perscripta erant,
Nep. Pelop. 3, 2:perscribit in litteris, hostes ab se discessisse,
Caes. B. G. 5, 49; but in is also used with an author's name when, not a place in his book, but a feature of his style, etc., is referred to:in Thucydide orbem modo orationis desidero,
Cic. Or. 71, 234:in Herodoto omnia leniter fluunt,
Quint. 9, 4, 18.—Of books:libri oratorii diu in manibus fuerunt,
Cic. Att. 4, 13, 2; id. Lael. 25, 96; but more freq. trop.: in manibus habere, tenere, etc., to be engaged, occupied with, to have under control or within reach:philosophi quamcunque rem habent in manibus,
id. Tusc. 5, 7, 18:quam spem nunc habeat in manibus, exponam,
id. Verr. 1, 6, 16:rem habere in manibus,
id. Att. 6, 3, 1; cf.:neque mihi in manu fuit Jugurtha qualis foret,
in my power, Sall. J. 14, 4:postquam nihil esse in manu sua respondebatur,
Liv. 32, 24, 2:quod ipsorum in manu sit,... bellum an pacem malint,
Tac. A. 2, 46; but, cum tantum belli in manibus esset, was in hand, busied (cf.:inter manus),
Liv. 4, 57, 1; so,quorum epistulas in manu teneo,
Cic. Phil. 12, 4, 9; cf. id. Att. 2, 2, 2:in manu poculum tenens,
id. Tusc. 1, 29, 71:coronati et lauream in manu tenentes,
Liv. 40, 37, 3; Suet. Claud. 15 fin. —Of that which is thought of as existing in the mind, memory, character, etc.:in animo esse,
Cic. Fam. 14, 11:in animo habere,
id. Rosc. Am. 18, 52:lex est ratio insita in natura,
id. Leg. 1, 6, 18:in memoria sedere,
id. de Or. 2, 28, 122; cf.:tacito mutos volvunt in pectore questus,
Luc. 1, 247:quanta auctoritas fuit in C. Metello!
Cic. de Sen. 17, 61. —So freq. of a person's qualities of mind or character:erat in eo summa eloquentia, summa fides,
Cic. Mur. 28, 58; cf.:in omni animante est summum aliquid atque optimum, ut in equis,
id. Fin. 4, 41, 37:si quid artis in medicis est,
Curt. 3, 5, 13; cf.:nibil esse in morte timendum,
Lucr. 3, 866.— Esp., in eo loco, in that state or condition:in eo enim loco res sunt nostrae, ut, etc.,
Liv. 7, 35, 7: si vos in eo loco essetis, quid aliud fecissetis? Cat. ap. Quint. 9, 2, 21; so,quo in loco, etc.: cum ex equitum et calonum fuga, quo in loco res essent, cognovissent,
Caes. B. G. 2, 26:videtis, quo in loco res haec siet, Ter Phorm. 2, 4, 6: quod ipse, si in eodem loco esset, facturus fuerit,
Liv. 37, 14, 5.—Hence, without loco, in eo esse ut, etc., to be in such a condition, etc.:non in eo esse Carthaginiensium res, ut Galliam armis obtineant,
Liv. 30, 19, 3:cum res non in eo esset, ut Cyprum tentaret,
id. 33, 41, 9; 8, 27, 3; 2, 17, 5; Nep. Mil. 7, 3; id. Paus. 5, 1 (cf. I. C. 1. infra).—In time, indicating its duration, in, during, in the course of:b.feci ego istaec itidem in adulescentia,
in my youth, when I was young, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 6:in tempore hoc,
Ter. And. 4, 5, 24:in hoc tempore,
Tac. A. 13, 47:in tali tempore,
Sall. C. 48, 5; Liv. 22, 35; 24, 28 al.:in diebus paucis,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 77:in brevi spatio,
id. Heaut. 5, 2, 2; Suet. Vesp. 4:in qua aetate,
Cic. Brut. 43 fin.:in ea aetate,
Liv. 1, 57:in omni aetate,
Cic. de Sen. 3, 9:in aetate, qua jam Alexander orbem terrarum subegisset,
Suet. Caes. 7:qua (sc. Iphigenia) nihil erat in eo quidem anno natum pulchrius,
in the course of, during the year, Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95 (al. eo quidem anno):nihil in vita se simile fecisse,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 91: nihil in vita vidit calamitatis A. Cluentius. id. Clu. 6, 18:in tota vita inconstans,
id. Tusc. 4, 13, 29.—In tempore, at the right or proper time, in time (Cic. uses only tempore; v. tempus): eccum ipsum video in tempore huc se recipere, Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 24:c.ni pedites equitesque in tempore subvenissent,
Liv. 33, 5:spreta in tempore gloria interdum cumulatior redit,
id. 2, 47:rebellaturi,
Tac. A. 12, 50:atque adeo in ipso tempore eccum ipsum obviam,
Ter. And. 3, 2, 52: in tempore, opportune. Nos sine praepositione dicimus tempore et tempori, Don. ad Ter. And. 4, 4, 19.—In praesentia and in praesenti, at present, now, at this moment, under these circumstances:d.sic enim mihi in praesentia occurrit,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 14:vestrae quidem cenae non solum in praesentia, sed etiam postero die jucundae sunt,
id. ib. 5, 35, 100:id quod unum maxime in praesentia desiderabatur,
Liv. 21, 37:haec ad te in praesenti scripsi, ut, etc.,
for the present, Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 4.—With gerunds and fut. pass. participles, to indicate duration of time, in:C.fit, ut distrahatur in deliberando animus,
Cic. Off. 1, 3, 9; id. Fam. 2, 6, 2:vitiosum esse in dividendo partem in genere numerare,
id. Fin. 2, 9, 26:quod in litteris dandis praeter consuetudinem proxima nocte vigilarat,
id. Cat. 3, 3, 6:ne in quaerendis suis pugnandi tempus dimitteret,
Caes. B. G. 2, 21:in agris vastandis incendiisque faciendis hostibus,
in laying waste, id. ib. 5, 19:in excidenda Numantia,
Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76:cum in immolanda Iphigenia tristis Calchas esset,
id. Or. 21, 74.—In other relations, where a person or thing is thought of as in a certain condition, situation, or relation, in:2.qui magno in aere alieno majores etiam possessiones habent,
Cic. Cat. 2, 8, 18:se in insperatis repentinisque pecuniis jactare,
id. Cat. 2, 9, 20:Larinum in summo timore omnium cum armatis advolavit,
id. Clu. 8, 25.—So freq., of qualities or states of mind: summa in sollicitudine ac timore Parthici belli,
Caes. B. C. 3, 31:torpescentne dextrae in amentia illa?
Liv. 23, 9, 7:hunc diem perpetuum in laetitia degere,
Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 5; Cic. Cat. 4, 1, 2:in metu,
Tac. A. 14, 43:in voluptate,
Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 62:alicui in amore esse,
beloved, id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 3:alicui in amoribus esse,
id. Att. 6, 1, 12:res in invidia erat,
Sall. J. 25, 5; Liv. 29, 37, 17: sum in expectatione omnium rerum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 10:num... Diogenem Stoicum coegit in suis studiis obmutescere senectus?
in his studies, Cic. de Sen. 7, 21:mirificam cepi voluptatem ex tua diligentia: quod in summis tuis occupationibus mihi tamen rei publicae statum per te notum esse voluisti,
even in, notwithstanding your great occupations, id. Fam. 3, 11, 4.—So freq., of business, employment, occupations, etc.: in aliqua re versari,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105:similia iis, quae in consilio dixerat,
Curt. 5, 5, 23:in certamine armorum atque in omni palaestra quid satis recte cavetur,
Quint. 9, 4, 8:agi in judiciis,
id. 11, 1, 78:tum vos mihi essetis in consilio,
Cic. Rep. 3, 18, 28:in actione... dicere,
Quint. 8, 2, 2.—Of an office, magistracy:in quo tum magistratu forte Brutus erat,
Liv. 1, 59, 7; 4, 17, 1:in eo magistratu pari diligentia se praebuit,
Nep. Han. 7, 5 (cf. B. 1. supra):in ea ipsa causa fuit eloquentissimus,
Cic. Brut, 43, 160:qui non defendit nec obsistit, si potest, injuriae, tam est in vitio, quam, etc.,
is in the wrong, acts wrongly, id. Off. 1, 7, 23:etsi hoc quidem est in vitio, dissolutionem naturae tam valde perhorrescere,
is wrong, id. Fin. 5, 11, 31:non sunt in eo genere tantae commoditates corporis,
id. ib. 4, 12, 29; cf.:an omnino nulla sit in eo genere distinctio,
id. Or. 61, 205:Drusus erat de praevaricatione absolutus in summa quatuor sententiis,
on the whole, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16; cf.:et in omni summa, ut mones, valde me ad otium pacemque converto,
id. ib. 3, 5, 5;but, in summa, sic maxime judex credit, etc.,
in a word, in fine, Quint. 9, 2, 72; Auct. B. Alex. 71; Just. 37, 1, 8:horum (juvenum) inductio in parte simulacrum decurrentis exercitus erat: ex parte elegantioris exercitii quam militaris artis,
in part, Liv. 44, 9, 5; cf.:quod mihi in parte verum videtur,
Quint. 2, 8, 6:patronorum in parte expeditior, in parte difficilior interrogatio est,
id. 5, 7, 22:hoc facere in eo homine consueverunt,
in the case of, Caes. B. G. 7, 21:in furibus aerarii,
Sall. C. 52, 12:Achilles talis in hoste fuit,
Verg. A. 2, 540:in hoc homine saepe a me quaeris, etc.,
in the case of, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 6: in nominibus impiis, Sall. C. 51, 15:suspectus et in morte matris fuit,
Suet. Vit. 14:qui praesentes metuunt, in absentia hostes erunt, = absentes,
Curt. 6, 3, 8 (cf. I. B. c. supra).—Of the meaning of words, etc.:non solum in eodem sensu, sed etiam in diverso, eadem verba contra,
Quint. 9, 3, 36:aliter voces aut eaedem in diversa significatione ponuntur,
id. 9, 3, 69:Sallustius in significatione ista non superesse sed superare dicit,
Gell. 1, 22, 15:stips non dicitur in significatione trunci,
Charis. 1, 18, 39:semper in significatione ea hortus,
Plin. 19, 4, 19, § 50. —In with abl. of adjj. is used with the verbs esse and habere to express quality:II.cum exitus haud in facili essent, i. e. haud faciles,
Liv. 3, 8, 9:adeo moderatio tuendae libertatis in difficili est,
id. 3, 8, 11; 3, 65, 11; but mostly with adjj. of the first and second declension:in obscuro esse, Liv. praef. § 3: in dubio esse,
id. 2, 3, 1; 3, 19, 8; Ov. H. 19, 174:dum in dubiost animus,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; 2, 2, 10:in integro esse,
Cic. Fam. 15, 16, 3; id. Att. 11, 15, 4:in incerto esse,
Liv. 5, 28, 5:in obvio esse,
id. 37, 23, 1:in tuto esse,
id. 38, 4, 10; cf.:videre te in tuto,
Cat. 30, 6:in aequo esse,
Liv. 39, 37, 14; Tac. A. 2, 44:in expedito esse,
Curt. 4, 2, 22:in proximo esse,
Quint. 1, 3, 4:in aperto esse,
Sall. C. 5, 3:in promisco esse,
Liv. 7, 17, 7:in augusto esse,
Cels. 5, 27, 2:in incerto haberi,
Sall. J. 46, 8; Tac. A. 15, 17:in levi habitum,
id. H. 2, 21; cf.:in incerto relinquere,
Liv. 5, 28, 5; Tac. H. 2, 83.With acc.A.In space, with verbs of motion, into or to a place or thing (rarely with names of towns and small islands;2.v. Zumpt, Gram. § 398): influxit non tenuis quidam e Graecia rivulus in hanc urbem,
Cic. Rep. 2, 19:in Ephesum advenit,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 35:in Epirum venire,
Cic. Att. 13, 25, 3:ibo in Piraeeum, visamque, ecquae advenerit in portum ex Epheso navis mercatoria,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 2: venio ad Piraeea, in quo magis reprehendendus sum, quod... Piraeea scripserim, non Piraeeum, quam in quod addiderim;non enim hoc ut oppido praeposui, sed ut loco,
Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10:se contulisse Tarquinios, in urbem Etruriae florentissimam,
id. Rep. 2, 19:remigrare in domum veterem e nova,
id. Ac. 1, 4, 13:cum in sua rura venerunt,
id. Tusc. 5, 35, 102:a te ipso missi in ultimas gentes,
id. Fam. 15, 9:in Ubios legatos mittere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 11:dein Thalam pervenit, in oppidum magnum et opulentum,
Sall. J. 75, 1:Regillum antiquam in patriam se contulerat,
Liv. 3, 58, 1:abire in exercitum,
Plaut. Am. prol. 102.— With nuntio:cum id Zmyrnam in contionem nuntiatum est,
Tac. A. 4, 56:nuntiatur in castra,
Lact. Most. Pers. 46; cf.:allatis in castra nuntiis,
Tac. H. 4, 32: in manus sumere, tradere, etc., into one's hands:iste unumquodque vas in manus sumere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 63:Falerios se in manus Romanis tradidisse,
Liv. 5, 27, 3.—Rarely with the verbs ponere, collocare, etc. (pregn., i. e. to bring into... and place there):in crimen populo ponere,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 10:ut liberos, uxores suaque omnia in silvas deponerent,
Caes. B. G. 4, 19:duplam pecuniam in thesauros reponi,
Liv. 29, 19, 7:prius me collocavi in arborem,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 8, 6:sororem et propinquas suas nuptum in alias civitates collocasse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 18.— Motion in any direction, up to, to, into, down to:in caelum ascendere,
Cic. Lael. 23 fin.:filium ipse paene in umeros suos extulisset,
id. de Or. 1, 53, 228:tamquam in aram confugitis ad deum,
up to the altar, id. Tusc. 3, 10, 25:Saturno tenebrosa in Tartara misso,
Ov. M. 1, 113:in flumen deicere,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 25, 70; Nep. Chab. 4, 3.—Denoting mere direction towards a place or thing, and hence sometimes joined with versus, towards:3.quid nunc supina sursum in caelum conspicis,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 78:si in latus aut dextrum aut sinistrum, ut ipsi in usu est, cubat,
Cels. 2, 3:Belgae spectant in septentriones et orientem solem,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1:in orientem Germaniae, in occidentem Hispaniae obtenditur, Gallis in meridiem etiam inspicitur,
Tac. Agr. 10:in laevum prona nixus sedet Inachus urna,
Stat. Th. 2, 218.—With versus:castra ex Biturigibus movet in Arvernos versus,
towards, Caes. B. G. 7, 8 fin.:in Galliam versus movere,
Sall. C. 56, 4: in [p. 913] ltaliam versus, Front. Strat. 1, 4, 11:si in urbem versus venturi erant,
Plin. Ep. 10, 82. —So of that which is thought of as entering into the mind, memory, etc. (cf. I. A. 2. fin.):B.in memoriam reducere,
Cic. Inv 1, 52, 98:in animum inducere,
Liv. 27, 9:in mentem venire,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3:frequens imitatio transit in mores,
Quint. 1, 11, 3. —Or into a writing or speech: in illam Metellinam orationem addidi quaedam,
Cic. Att. 1, 13, 5.—In time, into, till, for:C.dormiet in lucem,
into the daylight, till broad day, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 34:statim e somno, quem plerumque in diem extrahunt, lavantur,
Tac. G. 22: sermonem in multam noctem produximus, deep into the night, Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Arus. Mess. p. 239 Lindem.:in multam noctem luxit,
Suet. Tib. 74:si febris in noctem augetur,
Cels. 7, 27:dixit in noctem atque etiam nocte illatis lucernis,
Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 14:indutias in triginta annos impetraverunt,
for thirty years, Liv. 9, 37, 12; 7, 20, 8:nisi id verbum in omne tempus perdidissem,
forever, Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1:ad cenam hominem in hortos invitavit in posterum diem,
for the following day, id. Off. 3, 14, 58:audistis auctionem constitutam in mensem Januarium,
id. Agr. 1, 2, 4:subito reliquit annum suum seque in annum proximum transtulit,
id. Mil. 9, 24:solis defectiones itemque lunae praedicuntur in multos annos,
for many years, id. Div. 2, 6, 17:postero die Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie,
Liv. 27, 2:qui ab matutino tempore duraverunt in occasum,
Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99:seritur (semen lini) a Kalendis Octobribus in ortum aquilae,
Col. 2, 10, 17.—With usque:neque illi didicerunt haec usque in senectutem,
Quint. 12, 11, 20:in illum usque diem servati,
id. 8, 3, 68:in serum usque patente cubiculo,
Suet. Oth. 11:regnum trahat usque in tempora fati,
Sil. 11, 392: in posterum (posteritatem) or in futurum, in future, for the future: in praesens, for the present: in perpetuum or in aeternum, forever:sancit in posterum, ne quis, etc.,
Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 10:res dilata est in posterum,
id. Fam. 10, 12, 3:video quanta tempestas invidiae nobis, si minus in praesens, at in posteritatem impendeat,
id. Cat. 1, 9, 22:id aegre et in praesentia hi passi et in futurum etiam metum ceperunt,
Liv. 34, 27, 10; cf.:ingenti omnium et in praesens laetitia et in futurum spe,
id. 30, 17, 1:effugis in futurum,
Tac. H. 1, 71:quod eum tibi quaestoris in loco constitueras, idcirco tibi amicum in perpetuum fore putasti?
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30; cf.:oppidum omni periculo in perpetuum liberavit,
id. Fam. 13, 4, 2:quae (leges) non in tempus aliquod, sed perpetuae utilitatis causa in aeternum latae sunt,
Liv. 34, 6, 4: in tempus, for a while, for a short time, for the occasion (postAug.):sensit miles in tempus conficta,
Tac. A. 1, 37:ne urbs sine imperio esset, in tempus deligebatur, qui jus redderet,
id. ib. 6, 11:scaena in tempus structa,
id. ib. 14, 20. —So in diem, for the day, to meet the day's want:nihil ex raptis in diem commeatibus superabat,
Liv. 22, 40, 8:rapto in diem frumento,
id. 4, 10, 1;but, cum illa fundum emisset in diem,
i. e. a fixed day of payment, Nep. Att. 9, 5: in singulos dies, or simply in dies, with comparatives and verbs denoting increase, from day to day, daily:vitium in dies crescit,
Vell. 2, 5, 2:in dies singulos breviores litteras ad te mitto,
Cic. Att. 5, 7:qui senescat in dies,
Liv. 22, 39, 15: in diem, daily:nos in diem vivimus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:in diem et horam,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 47;and in horas,
hourly, id. C. 2, 13, 14; id. S. 2, 7, 10.—In other relations, in which an aiming at, an inclining or striving towards a thing, is conceivable, on, about, respecting; towards, against; for, as; in, to; into:2.id, quod apud Platonem est in philosophos dictum,
about the philosophers, Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28:Callimachi epigramma in Ambraciotam Cleombrotum est,
id. Tusc. 1, 34, 84; cf.:cum cenaret Simonides apud Scopam cecinissetque id car men, quod in eum scripsisset, etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 86, 352:quo amore tandem inflammati esse debemus in ejus modi patriam,
towards, id. ib. 1, 44, 196:in liberos nostros indulgentia,
id. ib. 2, 40, 168:de suis meritis in rem publicam aggressus est dicere,
id. Or. 38, 133: ita ad impietatem in deos, in homines adjunxit injuriam, against, id. N. D. 3, 34 fin.:in dominum quaeri,
to be examined as a witness against, id. Mil. 22, 60:in eos impetum facere,
id. Att. 2, 22, 1:invehi in Thebanos,
Nep. Epam. 6, 1; id. Tim. 5, 3:quaecumque est hominis definitio, una in omnes valet,
id. Leg. 1, 10, 29:num etiam in deos immortales inauspicatam legem valuisse?
Liv. 7, 6, 11:vereor coram in os te laudare amplius,
to your face, Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 5:si in me exerciturus (pugnos), quaeso, in parietem ut primum domes,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 168:in puppim rediere rates,
Luc. 3, 545 Burm. (cf.:sic equi dicuntur in frena redire, pulsi in terga recedere, Sulp. ad loc.): Cumis eam vidi: venerat enim in funus: cui funeri ego quoque operam dedi,
to the funeral, to take charge of the funeral, Cic. Att. 15, 1, B:se quisque eum optabat, quem fortuna in id certamen legeret,
Liv. 21, 42, 2:quodsi in nullius mercedem negotia eant, pauciora fore,
Tac. A. 11, 6:haec civitas mulieri redimiculum praebeat, haec in collum, haec in crines,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33:Rhegium quondam in praesidium missa legio,
Liv. 28, 28; so,datae in praesidium cohortes,
Tac. H. 4, 35: hoc idem significat Graecus ille in eam sententiam versus, to this effect or purport, Cic. Div. 2, 10, 25; cf. id. Fam. 9, 15, 4:haec et in eam sententiam cum multa dixisset,
id. Att. 2, 22:qui omnia sic exaequaverunt, ut in utramque partem ita paria redderent, uti nulla selectione uterentur,
id. Fin. 3, 4, 12:in utramque partem disputat,
on both sides, for and against, id. Off. 3, 23, 89: te rogo, me tibi in omnes partes defendendum putes, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 10 fin.:facillime et in optimam partem cognoscuntur adulescentes, qui se ad claros et sapientes viros contulerunt,
id. Off. 2, 13, 46:cives Romani servilem in modum cruciati et necati,
in the manner of slaves, Cic. Verr. 1, 5, 13; cf.:miserandum in modum milites populi Romani capti, necati sunt,
id. Prov. Cons. 3, 5:senior quidam Veiens vaticinantis in modum cecinit,
Liv. 5, 15, 4;also: domus et villae in urbium modum aedificatae,
Sall. C. 12, 3:perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia legitima sint,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:judicium quin acciperet in ea ipsa verba quae Naevius edebat, non recusasse,
id. Quint. 20, 63; cf.:senatusconsultum in haec verba factum,
Liv. 30, 43, 9:pax data Philippo in has leges est,
id. 33, 30:Gallia omnis divisa est in partes tres,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1; cf.:quae quidem in confirmationem et reprehensionem dividuntur,
Cic. Part. Or. 9, 33: describebat censores binos in singulas civitates, i. e. for or over each state, id. Verr. 2, 2, 53; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 26:itaque Titurium Tolosae quaternos denarios in singulas vini amphoras portorii nomine exegisse,
id. Font. 5, 9:extulit eum plebs sextantibus collatis in capita,
a head, for each person, Liv. 2, 33 fin.:Macedonibus treceni nummi in capita statutum est pretium,
id. 32, 17, 2; cf.:Thracia in Rhoemetalcen filium... inque liberos Cotyis dividitur (i. e. inter),
Tac. A. 2, 67.—Of the object or end in view, regarded also as the motive of action or effect:3.non te in me illiberalem, sed me in se neglegentem putabit,
Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 16:neglegentior in patrem,
Just. 32, 3, 1:in quem omnes intenderat curas,
Curt. 3, 1, 21:quos ardere in proelia vidi,
Verg. A. 2, 347:in bellum ardentes,
Manil. 4, 220:nutante in fugam exercitu,
Flor. 3, 10, 4:in hanc tam opimam mercedem agite ( = ut eam vobis paretis, Weissenb. ad loc.),
Liv. 21, 43, 7:certa praemia, in quorum spem pugnarent,
id. 21, 45, 4:in id sors dejecta,
id. 21, 42, 2:in id fide accepta,
id. 28, 17, 9:in spem pacis solutis animis,
id. 6, 11, 5 et saep.:ingrata misero vita ducenda est in hoc, ut, etc.,
Hor. Epod. 17, 63:nec in hoc adhibetur, ut, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 16, 3:alius non in hoc, ut offenderet, facit, id. de Ira, 2, 26, 3: in quod tum missi?
Just. 38, 3, 4.—So, like ad, with words expressing affections or inclination of the mind:in obsequium plus aequo pronus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 10:paratus in res novas,
Tac. H. 4, 32:in utrumque paratus,
Verg. A. 2, 61.—Of the result of an act or effort:4.denique in familiae luctum atque in privignorum funus nupsit,
Cic. Clu. 66, 188:paratusque miles, ut ordo agminis in aciem adsisteret,
Tac. A. 2, 16: excisum Euboicae latus ingens rupis in antrum, Verg. A. 6, 42:portus ab Euroo fluctu curvatus in arcum,
id. ib. 3, 533:populum in obsequia principum formavit,
Just. 3, 2, 9:omnium partium decus in mercedem conruptum erat,
Sall. H. 1, 13 Dietsch:commutari ex veris in falsa,
Cic. Fat. 9, 17; 9, 18:in sollicitudinem versa fiducia est,
Curt. 3, 8, 20.—Esp. in the phrase: in gratiam or in honorem, alicujus, in kindness, to show favor, out of good feeling, to show honor, etc., to any one (first in Liv.; cf. Weissenb. ad Liv. 28, 21, 4;5.Krebs, Antibarb. p. 562): in gratiam levium sociorum injuriam facere,
Liv. 39, 26, 12:pugnaturi in gratiam ducis,
id. 28, 21, 4:quorum in gratiam Saguntum deleverat Hannibal,
id. 28, 39, 13; cf. id. 35, 2, 6; 26, 6, 16:oratio habita in sexus honorem,
Quint. 1, 1, 6:convivium in honorem victoriae,
id. 11, 2, 12:in honorem Quadratillae,
Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 7:in honorem tuum,
Sen. Ep. 20, 7; 79, 2; 92, 1; Vell. 2, 41 al.—In the phrase, in rem esse, to be useful, to avail (cf.: e re esse;6.opp.: contra rem esse): ut aequom est, quod in rem esse utrique arbitremur,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 10:si in rem est Bacchidis,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 27; 2, 2, 7:hortatur, imperat, quae in rem sunt,
Liv. 26, 44, 7:cetera, quae cognosse in rem erat,
id. 22, 3, 2; 44, 19, 3:in rem fore credens universos adpellare,
Sall. C. 20, 1; cf.:in duas res magnas id usui fore,
Liv. 37, 15, 7:in hos usus,
Verg. A. 4, 647.—To form adverbial expressions:7.non nominatim, qui Capuae, sed in universum qui usquam coissent, etc.,
in general, Liv. 9, 26, 8; cf.:terra etsi aliquanto specie differt, in universum tamen aut silvis horrida aut paludibus foeda,
Tac. G. 5:in universum aestimanti, etc.,
id. ib. 6:aestate in totum, si fieri potest, abstinendum est (Venere),
wholly, entirely, Cels. 1, 3 fin.; cf. Col. 2, 1, 2:in plenum dici potest, etc.,
fully, Plin. 16, 40, 79, § 217:Marii virtutem in majus celebrare,
beyond due bounds, Sall. J. 73, 5:aliter se corpus habere atque consuevit, neque in pejus tantum, sed etiam in melius,
for the worse, for the better, Cels. 2, 2:in deterius,
Tac. A. 14, 43:in mollius,
id. ib. 14, 39:quid enim est iracundia in supervacuum tumultuante frigidius? Sen. de Ira, 2, 11: civitas saepta muris neque in barbarum corrupta (v. barbarus),
Tac. A. 6, 42; cf.:aucto in barbarum cognomento,
id. H. 5, 2:priusquam id sors cerneret, in incertum, ne quid gratia momenti faceret, in utramque provinciam decerni,
while the matter was uncertain, Liv. 43, 12, 2:nec puer Iliaca quisquam de gente Latinos In tantum spe tollet avos,
so much, Verg. A. 6, 876:in tantum suam felicitatem virtutemque enituisse,
Liv. 22, 27, 4; cf.:quaedam (aquae) fervent in tantum, ut non possint esse usui,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 24:viri in tantum boni, in quantum humana simplicitas intellegi potest,
Vell. 2, 43, 4:quippe pedum digitos, in quantum quaeque secuta est, Traxit,
Ov. M. 11, 71:meliore in omnia ingenio animoque quam fortuna usus,
in all respects, Vell. 2, 13:ut simul in omnia paremur,
Quint. 11, 3, 25:in antecessum dare,
beforehand, Sen. Ep. 118.—Sometimes with esse, habere, etc., in is followed by the acc. (constr. pregn.), to indicate a direction, aim, purpose, etc. (but v. Madvig. Gram. § 230, obs. 2, note, who regards these accusatives as originating in errors of pronunciation); so, esse in potestatem alicujus, to come into and remain in one ' s power: esse in mentem alicui, to come into and be in one ' s mind: esse in conspectum, to appear to and be in sight: esse in usum, to come into use, be used, etc.:III.quod, qui illam partem urbis tenerent, in eorum potestatem portum futurum intellegebant,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 38:ut portus in potestatem Locrensium esset,
Liv. 24, 1, 13; 2, 14, 4:eam optimam rem publicam esse duco, quae sit in potestatem optimorum,
Cic. Leg. 3, 17:neque enim sunt motus in nostram potestatem,
Quint. 6, 2, 29:numero mihi in mentem fuit,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 25; cf.:ecquid in mentem est tibi?
id. Bacch. 1, 2, 53:nec prius surrexisse ac militibus in conspectum fuisse, quam, etc.,
Suet. Aug. 16:quod satis in usum fuit, sublato, ceterum omne incensum est,
Liv. 22, 20, 6: ab hospitibus clientibusque suis, ab exteris nationibus, quae in amicitiam populi Romani dicionemque essent, injurias propulsare, Cic. Div. ap. Caecil. 20, 66: adesse in senatum [p. 914] jussit a. d. XIII. Kal. Octobr., id. Phil. 5, 7, 19.—Less freq. with habere: facito in memoriam habeas tuam majorem filiam mihi te despondisse, call or bring to mind, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 108:M. Minucium magistrum equitum, ne quid rei bellicae gereret, prope in custodiam habitum,
put in prison, kept in prison, Liv. 22, 25, 6:reliquos in custodiam habitos,
Tac. H. 1, 87.—So rarely with other verbs:pollicetur se provinciam Galliam retenturum in senatus populique Romani potestatem,
Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 8. —In composition, n regularly becomes assimilated to a foll. l, m, or r, and is changed before the labials into m: illabor, immitto, irrumpo, imbibo, impello.—As to its meaning, according as it is connected with a verb of rest or motion, it conveys the idea of existence in a place or thing, or of motion, direction, or inclination into or to a place or thing: inesse; inhibere, inferre, impellere, etc. See Hand, Turs. III. pp. 243- 356.2.in (before b and p, im; before l, m, and r, the n assimilates itself to these consonants), an inseparable particle [kindred with Sanscr. a-, an-; Gr. a-, an; Goth. and Germ. un-], which negatives the meaning of the noun or participle with which it is connected; Engl. un-, in-, not: impar, unequal: intolerabilis, unbearable, intolerable: immitis, not mild, rude, etc. -
8 contineo
con-tineo, tinuī, tentum, ēre (con u. teneo), I) zusammenhalten, 1) verbindend, a) fest aneinanderhaltend zusammenhalten, α) eig., v. Pers., fracturam manu, Cels. – v. Lebl., sutura, si nimis rara est, non continet (verst. vulnus), Cels. – im Passiv, contineri, zusammengehalten werden = zusammenhalten (intrans.), in sich festhalten (intrans.), cum agger altiore aquā contineri non posset, Caes.: quas membranas natura firmas fecit, ut continerentur (zusammenhielten = nicht auseinander gingen od. sich nicht verschöben), Cic. – so auch im Aktiv intrans., per hortum utroque commeatus continet, hängt zusammen, Plaut. Stich. 452 R. – β) übtr., zusammenhalten = im Bestehen (im Gange) erhalten, aufrecht erhalten, haec quae vitam continent omnem, Cic.: sed haec ipsa virtus amicitiam et gignit et continet, Cic.: nec enim ulla res vehementius rem publicam continet quam fides, Cic. (u. so im Passiv id hominum genus, a quo uno et summa res publica et illa provincia maxime continetur, Cic.): c. Romanis (den R.) militarem disciplinam, Liv.: hostium imminens metus disciplinam veterem continebat, Flor. – im Passiv, ut ceterae naturae suis seminibus gignuntur, augescunt, continentur, sic etc., Cic.: vis multā exercitatione continenda est, Quint.
b) ungetrennt beieinander behaltend, zusammen halten, zusammen- od. beieinander behalten, merces (Ggstz. partiri) Cic.: milites, Caes.: exercitum (Ggstz. in civitates dividere), Liv. 28, 2, 16 (versch. v. unten no. II, 3, b, β, αα [S. 1615] aus Cic. de imp. Pomp. 38): c. gregem voce (v. Kranichen), Plin.: maximos ferarum greges linea pennis distincta continet, Cic.: aqua in devexo fluit, in plano continetur et stagnat, Sen. – m. Advv. od. Praepp. (wo?), naves frumentumque ibi, Caes.: manipulos ad signa, Caes.: ceteros in armis, Liv.: legiones uno loco, Caes.
c) übh. in Verbindung, in Zusammenhang bringend zusammenhalten, verbinden, α) eig.: quod oppidum Cenabum pons fluminis Ligeris continebat, mit dem jenseitigen Ufer verband, Caes. b. G. 7, 11, 6. – gew. im Passiv, omnium legionum hiberna milibus passuum centum continebantur, standen auf einer Strecke von 100000 Schr. miteinander in Verbindung, Caes.: eorum (portuum) coniunctione pars oppidi, quae appellatur Insula, mari disiuncta angusto, ponte rursus adiungitur et continetur, Cic. – m. cum u. Abl. od. mit inter se, zB. eadem magni refert primordia cum quibus contineantur, in Verbindung stehen, Lucr.: si mundus globosus est ob eamque causam omnes eius partes undique aequabiles ipsae per se atque inter se continentur etc., zusammenhängen, Cic. – β) übtr.: omnes artes, quae ad humanitatem pertinent, habent quoddam commune et quasi cognatione quādam inter se continentur, Cic.: alcis hospitio contineri, durch G. mit jmd. verbunden sein, Nep.: ut non beneficiis mutuis, sed communi odio, quod erga regem susceperant, contineri viderentur, Nep.
2) umgebend, umschließend, a) zusammenhalten = umschlossen od. eingeschlossen halten, α) übh.: orbis extumus, arcens et continens ceteros, Cic.: ut (caro mollis) intestina non satis contineat, Cels.: vis caloris... hieme fit densior eamque ob causam calorem insitum in terris continet artius, Cic.: mundus, qui omnia complexu suo coërcet et continet, Cic.: Oceanus ponto quā continet orbem, Tibull. – im Passiv, contineri m. Abl. = v. einer Örtl. umschlossen-, eingeschlossen-, umgrenzt werden, eorum una pars continetur Garumnā flumine, Oceano, finibus Belgarum, Caes.: Gallia, quae saltu Pyrenaeo Alpibusque et monte Cebennā, fluminibus Rheno et Rhodano continetur, Suet.: qui vicus positus in valle altissimis montibus undique continetur, Caes.: ita angustis montibus (eng aneinander stoßenden Bergen) mare continebatur, ut etc., Caes.: mare ripis contentum insularum non longe distantibus, Mela. – β) hemmend, feindl. umschlossen halten, eingeschlossen halten, einschließen, gefangen halten, v. lebl. Subjj., quos vincula continuerant, non castra, Iustin. – v. Pers., beluas immanes saeptis, Cic.: ventos carcere (Ggstz. ventos emittere), Ov.: alqm vinculis Romae (Ggstz. solvere), Suet.: catulos per diem catenis (Ggstz. noctibus solvere), Col.: quam illum ut honorate sic secure continet! wie ehrenvoll u. wie sorglos hält er ihn gefangen! Vell.: claustris poenalibus contineri, Solin. 1, 124. – als milit. t. t., umlagernd, umstellend eingeschlossen halten, einschließen, Pompeium quam angustissime, Caes.: hostes proelio superatos, Caes.: equitatum Pompeianum ad Dyrrhachium, Caes.: contineri munitionibus, Caes.
b) umschließend in sich enthalten, in sich tragen od. haben, in sich begreifen, m. in u. Abl. od. m. bl. Abl., α) v. Pers.: spes illa, quam in alvo continebat, unter dem Herzen trug (v. einer Schwangeren), Cic.: so auch cum praegnans hunc ipsum Dionysum alvo contineret, Cic. – übtr., odium in omnes bonos conceptum iam diu c., Cic.: c. a deo immissum dolorem, non a se conceptum, Cic. – omnium rerum, quae ad dicendum pertinent, fontes animo ac memoriā c., Cic. – β) v. Lebl.: linea, quae centum continet pedes, Quint.: quattuor aeterna genitalia mundus continet, Ov.: si membranae eum (umorem) continuerunt, Cels.: gelum, quod (umor) continet in se, Lucr.: ut omnia, quae alantur et crescant, contineant in se vim caloris, Cic.: calor, qui aquis continetur, im W. enthalten ist, Cic. – übtr., αα) übh., enthalten, umfassen, tales res, quales hic liber continet, Cic.: primus liber (historiarum) continet res gestas regum populi Romani, Nep.: nonus liber, quo missa ad Achillem legatio continetur, Quint.: litterae tuae partim laeta partim tristia continent, Plin. ep.: quod tabulae continent, Quint.: tabellae senatus consultum continentes, Val. Max.: liber secreta civilium sacrorum continens, Val. Max.: Idus Martiae magnum mendum continent, Cic.: simplex causa est, quae absolutam in se continet unam quaestionem, Cic. – und mit folg. Acc. u. Infin. od. indir. Fragesatz, tertia epistula continebat esse tibi redditam orationem pro Clario, Plin. ep.: tabulae, quibus centum talenta dedisse Thebanos continebatur, Quint.: quando ipsos loqui deceat, quartus liber continet, Quint. – im Passiv, is liber, quo acceptae et expensae summae continebantur, Val. Max.: earum ipsarum rerum, de quibus agimus, prima institutio et quasi disciplina illo libro continetur, Cic.: epistulae ei redduntur, quibus bellum Agidis in Graecia, bellum Alexandri in Italia continebatur, Iustin.: facinus, in quo omnia nefaria contineri mihi atque inesse (begriffen u. enthalten zu sein) videntur, Cic.: diei brevitas conviviis, noctis longitudo stupris et flagitiis continebatur, wurde ausgefüllt mit usw., Cic. – ββ) etw. wesentlich in sich enthalten, etw. wesentlich bedingen, das Wesen einer Sache ausmachen, der wesentliche Inbegriff-, der Hauptpunkt (die Hauptsache) sein von od. bei etw. (s. Kühner Cic. Tusc. 3, 58. Giese Cic. de div. 1, 117. Matthiä Cic. Rosc. Am. 34), quod rem continet, quae rem continent, das, worauf es ankommt, das Wesentliche, Cic.: quod maxime rem causamque continet, Cic.: quae maxime rem continerent erant, die etwa die Hauptpunkte waren, Liv.: quod hunc locum continet, de quo agimus, Cic.: videamus de summo bono, quod continet philosophiam, welches der Hauptpunkt der Ph. ist, Cic.: haec quae vitam continent omnem, wesentlich bedingen, Cic. – im Passiv contineri alqā re od. in alqa re = wesentlich in etw. enthalten-, in od. unter etw. begriffen sein, wesentlich in etw. bestehen, durch etw. wesentlich bedingt sein, das Wesen einer Sache ausmachen, auf etw. sich wesentlich stützen, um etw. sich wesentlich drehen, non enim venis et nervis et ossibus continentur (di), Cic.: vita corpore et spiritu continetur, Cic.: status rei publicae maxime iudicatis rebus continetur, Cic.: exemplis continetur Aesopi genus, Phaedr.: artis pars magna continetur imitatione, Quint.: quo more caerimonia continetur, Caes.: Romanum foedus, quo nostra omnia continentur, Liv.: dolus malus in simulatione continetur, Cic. – v. Pers., bei etw. wesentlich beteiligt sein, qui viri hoc sermone continentur, Cic. de or. 3, 9.
II) behalten, 1) umfassend, umschließend halten, umfaßt halten, festhalten, a) im allg.: α) v. der Hand u. v. d. Pers., die mit der Hand umfaßt: acus ea veniat in sinistram, quam dextra continuit, Cels. – v. der Pers., c. dextram obambulantis, Suet.: alcis caput, Plaut. u. Cels.: alcis caput a posteriore parte (von hinten), Cels.: colem masculi sinistrā manu (bei einer Operation), Cels.: alqm (bei einer Operation), Cels., Auct. b. Afr. u. Curt.: u. so se continendum praebere, sich halten lassen, Curt. – β) v. Lebl., festhalten, in seiner Lage od. Stellung halten, quadratas regulas defigunt, quae lateres contineant, Caes.: naves minus commode copulis continebantur, Caes. – u. als mediz. t. t., ut (fascia) impositum medicamentum contineat, Cels.: nisi utrimque recti valentesque nervi collum contineant, Cels.: ferulae circumpositae ossa in sede sua contineant, Cels.
b) Empfangenes bei sich festhalten, behalten, α) v. der Hand: expeditius manus rapiunt, quam continent, Curt. – u. v. der Pers., mit der Hand, difficile est continere, quod capere non possis, Curt. – β) v. Magen: alvus arcet et continet, quod recipit, Cic.: alvus alias cibos non transmittit, alias non continet, Plin.: u. ohne Objekt, stomachus non od. parum continet, Cels. – im Passiv, si cibus non continetur od. non contineri potest (verst. alvo), Cels. – u. im üblen Sinne, quia quod infusum est (das Klistier) alvo continetur, Cels. – v. der Pers., im Magen, onerati mero non continent cibum vino redundante, Sen. – γ) v. Gedächtnis: velox mihi memoria erat ad continenda, quae acceperam, Sen. rhet.: nec disci audiendo possunt omnia nec memoriā contineri, Lact. – δ) v. andern Ggstdn.: mollis lana, quae umorem intus contineat, Cels.: lapides rotundi, qui et contineant umorem et transmittant, Plin.: ut scrobes quam maxime accipiant aquam contineantque, Plin.: arida continent odorem diutius, Plin.
2) wo behalten = wo bleiben lassen, a) übh.: digitum ibi continere, donec etc., Cels.: aeger manus sub multa veste continere debet, Cels.: contineat sub lingua salem, donec liquescat, Plin.: semper manum intra pallium, Quint.: c. manus paenulis, Suet.: brachium veste, Quint.: aquam calidam ore, Cels.: oleum in ore, Plin. – übtr., jmd. in einer Tätigkeit, in einem Zustande bleiben lassen, in od. bei etw. erhalten, alqm in ea exercitatione, Cic.: se in suis perennibus studiis, Cic.: haud aequo animo se in secundo gradu, sich begnügen mit usw., Curt.: alqm in officio suo, Cornif. rhet.: Belgas in officio (Gehorsam), Caes.: civitates in amicitia, Hirt. b. G.: Galliam in pace, Hirt. b. G.: Hispanias in summa quiete, Vell.: alqm sub tutela sua, bevormunden, Sen. – u. als mediz. t. t., alqm in ieiunio, Cels.: quā ratione aeger continendus sit, wie zu halten, Cels.
b) wo verweilen lassen, sich aufhalten lassen, sich aufzuhalten nötigen, wie unser behalten, innen halten u. bl. halten, milites sub pellibus, Caes.: pecudem sub tecto, Col.: aegrum lucido loco od. obscuro loco, Cels.: exercitum castris, Caes.: partem iuniorum domi, Liv.: alqm domi atque intra privatos parietes, Quint.: deos parietibus inclusos, Cic.: indignationes domi, verbergen, Liv. 1, 10, 1. – v. lebl. Subjj., rogo ut veniat, quia me recens adhuc luctus limine contineret, Plin. ep.: u. (im Bilde) neque privata domus parietibus continere voces coniurationis tuae potest, Cic.: si sui iuris finibus matronas contineret pudor, Liv. – bes. oft se continere u. Passiv contineri, sich halten, sich aufhalten, sich innen halten, se in lectulo, Cels.: se in villa, Val. Max.: se in Italia, Vell.: se intra coloniam suam, Sen. rhet.: sese intra silvas in occulto, sich in den W. verborgen halten, Caes.: se hoc colle, Caes.: se tectis od. se alvo (v. Bienen), Plin.: se vallo adversus validiorem hostem, Liv.: se portis muroque, Liv.: se suo loco (Stellung), Caes.: sese ad hoc tempus his sedibus, Caes.: se ruri, Ter.: se consulto domi, Cic.: u. (im Bilde) se suarum rerum finibus, Cic.: u. (m. Ang. wie?) si Poenus sub angulo Alpium quietus se contineat, sich ruhig verhalte, Liv. 29, 5, 9. – im Passiv, contineri intra suum limen, sich auf das Haus beschränken, Liv.: contineri tecto ac parietibus, Cic., tectis ac tenebris, Cic.: absol., acies ad solis occasum continentur, bleiben stehen, bleiben in ihrer Stellung, Caes. b. c. 1, 83, 3. – dah. prägn., α) alqm continere, jmd. innen halten = im Hause zu bleiben nötigen, frigidus agricolam si quando continet imber, Verg. georg. 1, 259. – u. so bes. nachaug. oft se continere, sich innen halten (Ggstz. progredi), gew. = zu Hause bleiben, Cels. u. Suet.; selten = sich im Lager halten, zB. Iustin. 42, 4, 8. – β) alqd continere, etw. innen behalten = nicht mitteilen, teils Geschriebenes nicht herausgeben, reliquos libros, Cic. ad Att. 13, 21, 4. – teils Gewußtes bei sich od. für sich behalten, verschwiegen halten (Ggstz. proferre), quae vera audivi taceo atque contineo optime, Ter.: petimus ab Antonio, ut ea, quae continet neque adhuc protulit, explicet nobis, Cic. – teils einen Affekt zurückhalten, unterdrücken, verbergen = nicht äußern, nicht laut werden lassen m. dopp. Acc., alqd (gaudium, dolorem) tacitum c. od. c. non posse, Liv. 30, 17, 5 u. 40, 3, 5. c) wo aufbewahrt halten, aufbewahren, lacus (est) lacuna magna, ubi aqua contineri potest, Varro LL.: c. murenas ingentes in piscina, Sen.: privatā custodiā (Obhut) contineri (v. Schriften), Cic.: ebenso Vestae custodiā contineri (v. Palladium), Cic.: gens Aegyptiorum, quae plurimorum saeculorum et eventorum memoriam litteris continet, Cic.
3) innen halten, einhalten = anhalten, aufhalten, an sich halten, hemmen, deutsch auch bl. halten, a) eig.: α) Lebl.: aquam, Caes.: ora frenis spumantibus, Phaedr. – animam in dicendo, Cic.: spiritum, Cels.: spiritum diutius, Cels.: spiritum in natando, Plin.: gradum, Verg.: c. vocem, den Mund halten, Cic.: c. risum, Cic.: vix od. non c. lacrimas, Plaut. u. Aur. Vict.: non c. bilem, Sen. rhet.: diligentissime c. linguam, im Zaume halten, Cic.: so petulans non linguam, non manum continet, Sen.: unde manum iuventus metu deorum continuit? Hor. – β) leb. Wesen: suos continuit silentio (in St.), Liv.: artis frenis continet equos, Sen. poët. – v. leb. Subjj., an te tempestas continet? Plaut.: hos omnes flumina continebant, Caes.
b) übtr.: α) jmd. aufhalten, abhalten, enthalten, m. ab u. Abl., suos a proelio, Caes.: omni ope milites ab seditione, Liv.: de omnibus rebus c. se ab assentiendo, Cic.: contineo me ab exemplis, Cic. – m. folg. ne od. (bei vorhergeh. Negation) m. quin od. quominus u. Konj., contineo igitur me, ne incognito assentiar, Cic.: ut contineant milites, ne studio pugnandi longius progrediantur, Caes.: nec contineri Macedones poterant, quin cursu quoque ad hostem contenderent, Curt.: ut vix ab amicis, quominus occideret eum, contineretur, Curt. – β) im Zaume-, in Schranken halten, αα) politisch od. militärisch im Zaume-, im Gehorsam (in der Treue) halten od. erhalten, in der Zucht halten (s. Fabri Liv. 22, 22, 11), reliquos Macedonas, Liv.: nauticos in navibus, Liv.: exercitum (v. Feldherrn), Cic. de imp. Pomp. 38 (versch. von Liv. 28, 2, 16 oben no. I, 1, b). – v. lebl. Subjj., severitas imperii eos continuit, Liv.: metum continuisse ad eam diem Hispanorum animos, Liv. – m. Abl. (durch), c. Asiam modico exercitu, Curt.: proprio bello Tiburtes, Liv.: Etruscos non tam armis, quam iudiciorum terrore, Liv.: c. aequitate animi plebem, durch Zufriedenheit im Gehorsam halten = zufrieden erhalten, Caes.: c. fide populares, durch Tr. im G. h. = in der Tr. erhalten, Curt.: quae pauca (oppida) magis metu quam fide continebantur, Liv. – bei vorhergeh. Negation m. folg. quin u. Konj., qui (Bituriges) unius legionis hibernis contineri (abgehalten werden) non poterant, quin bellum pararent, Hirt. b. G. 8, 2. § 2. – ββ) moralisch im Zaume halten, bezähmen, zügeln, mäßigen, u. refl. continere se od. Passiv contineri medial = an sich halten, sich mäßigen, sich beherrschen, omnes cupiditates, Cic.: appetitiones od. appetitus animi (Ggstz. remittere, freien Lauf lassen), Cic.: se, Cic.: insolentiam suam modeste, Cic.: u. (v. lebl. Subjj.) quosdam continet metus, Quint.: ut metu contineatur audacia, Cic. – m. in u. Abl., in Scaevola c. dicta, Cic.: c. se in aliqua libidine (Ggstz. se in aliqua libidine effundere), Cic.: im Passiv, in illa cupiditate contineri, sich mäßigen (Ggstz. flagrare amentiā, inflammatā ferri libidine), Cic. – m. ab u. Abl., temeritatem ab omni lapsu, Cic.: a praesenti supplicio tuo continuit populus Romanus se et repressit, Cic. – bei vorhergeh. Negation m. folg. quin u. Konj., te non potuisse continere iracundiam tuam, quin nobis de morte Caesaris obiceres, Brut. et Cass. in Cic. ep.: non continentes (verst. se), quin protinus adicerent, Vell.: non posse milites contineri, quin etc., Caes.: vix me contineo, quin involem in capillum, Ter.: male me, quin vera faterer, continui, male, quin, ut oportuit, oscula ferrem, Ov.: im Passiv, contineri, quin complectar, non queo, Plaut. – im Passiv im Zshg. absol., equidem cupio (sc. reducere) et vix contineor (sc. quin reducam), Ter. Hec. 615.
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9 contineo
con-tineo, tinuī, tentum, ēre (con u. teneo), I) zusammenhalten, 1) verbindend, a) fest aneinanderhaltend zusammenhalten, α) eig., v. Pers., fracturam manu, Cels. – v. Lebl., sutura, si nimis rara est, non continet (verst. vulnus), Cels. – im Passiv, contineri, zusammengehalten werden = zusammenhalten (intrans.), in sich festhalten (intrans.), cum agger altiore aquā contineri non posset, Caes.: quas membranas natura firmas fecit, ut continerentur (zusammenhielten = nicht auseinander gingen od. sich nicht verschöben), Cic. – so auch im Aktiv intrans., per hortum utroque commeatus continet, hängt zusammen, Plaut. Stich. 452 R. – β) übtr., zusammenhalten = im Bestehen (im Gange) erhalten, aufrecht erhalten, haec quae vitam continent omnem, Cic.: sed haec ipsa virtus amicitiam et gignit et continet, Cic.: nec enim ulla res vehementius rem publicam continet quam fides, Cic. (u. so im Passiv id hominum genus, a quo uno et summa res publica et illa provincia maxime continetur, Cic.): c. Romanis (den R.) militarem disciplinam, Liv.: hostium imminens metus disciplinam veterem continebat, Flor. – im Passiv, ut ceterae naturae suis seminibus gignuntur, augescunt, continentur, sic etc., Cic.: vis multā exercitatione continenda est, Quint.b) ungetrennt beieinander behaltend, zusammen-————halten, zusammen- od. beieinander behalten, merces (Ggstz. partiri) Cic.: milites, Caes.: exercitum (Ggstz. in civitates dividere), Liv. 28, 2, 16 (versch. v. unten no. II, 3, b, β, αα [S. 1615] aus Cic. de imp. Pomp. 38): c. gregem voce (v. Kranichen), Plin.: maximos ferarum greges linea pennis distincta continet, Cic.: aqua in devexo fluit, in plano continetur et stagnat, Sen. – m. Advv. od. Praepp. (wo?), naves frumentumque ibi, Caes.: manipulos ad signa, Caes.: ceteros in armis, Liv.: legiones uno loco, Caes.c) übh. in Verbindung, in Zusammenhang bringend zusammenhalten, verbinden, α) eig.: quod oppidum Cenabum pons fluminis Ligeris continebat, mit dem jenseitigen Ufer verband, Caes. b. G. 7, 11, 6. – gew. im Passiv, omnium legionum hiberna milibus passuum centum continebantur, standen auf einer Strecke von 100000 Schr. miteinander in Verbindung, Caes.: eorum (portuum) coniunctione pars oppidi, quae appellatur Insula, mari disiuncta angusto, ponte rursus adiungitur et continetur, Cic. – m. cum u. Abl. od. mit inter se, zB. eadem magni refert primordia cum quibus contineantur, in Verbindung stehen, Lucr.: si mundus globosus est ob eamque causam omnes eius partes undique aequabiles ipsae per se atque inter se continentur etc., zusammenhängen, Cic. – β) übtr.: omnes artes, quae ad humanitatem pertinent, habent quoddam commune et quasi cogna-————tione quādam inter se continentur, Cic.: alcis hospitio contineri, durch G. mit jmd. verbunden sein, Nep.: ut non beneficiis mutuis, sed communi odio, quod erga regem susceperant, contineri viderentur, Nep.2) umgebend, umschließend, a) zusammenhalten = umschlossen od. eingeschlossen halten, α) übh.: orbis extumus, arcens et continens ceteros, Cic.: ut (caro mollis) intestina non satis contineat, Cels.: vis caloris... hieme fit densior eamque ob causam calorem insitum in terris continet artius, Cic.: mundus, qui omnia complexu suo coërcet et continet, Cic.: Oceanus ponto quā continet orbem, Tibull. – im Passiv, contineri m. Abl. = v. einer Örtl. umschlossen-, eingeschlossen-, umgrenzt werden, eorum una pars continetur Garumnā flumine, Oceano, finibus Belgarum, Caes.: Gallia, quae saltu Pyrenaeo Alpibusque et monte Cebennā, fluminibus Rheno et Rhodano continetur, Suet.: qui vicus positus in valle altissimis montibus undique continetur, Caes.: ita angustis montibus (eng aneinander stoßenden Bergen) mare continebatur, ut etc., Caes.: mare ripis contentum insularum non longe distantibus, Mela. – β) hemmend, feindl. umschlossen halten, eingeschlossen halten, einschließen, gefangen halten, v. lebl. Subjj., quos vincula continuerant, non castra, Iustin. – v. Pers., beluas immanes saeptis, Cic.: ventos carcere (Ggstz. ventos emittere), Ov.: alqm vinculis Romae (Ggstz.————solvere), Suet.: catulos per diem catenis (Ggstz. noctibus solvere), Col.: quam illum ut honorate sic secure continet! wie ehrenvoll u. wie sorglos hält er ihn gefangen! Vell.: claustris poenalibus contineri, Solin. 1, 124. – als milit. t. t., umlagernd, umstellend eingeschlossen halten, einschließen, Pompeium quam angustissime, Caes.: hostes proelio superatos, Caes.: equitatum Pompeianum ad Dyrrhachium, Caes.: contineri munitionibus, Caes.b) umschließend in sich enthalten, in sich tragen od. haben, in sich begreifen, m. in u. Abl. od. m. bl. Abl., α) v. Pers.: spes illa, quam in alvo continebat, unter dem Herzen trug (v. einer Schwangeren), Cic.: so auch cum praegnans hunc ipsum Dionysum alvo contineret, Cic. – übtr., odium in omnes bonos conceptum iam diu c., Cic.: c. a deo immissum dolorem, non a se conceptum, Cic. – omnium rerum, quae ad dicendum pertinent, fontes animo ac memoriā c., Cic. – β) v. Lebl.: linea, quae centum continet pedes, Quint.: quattuor aeterna genitalia mundus continet, Ov.: si membranae eum (umorem) continuerunt, Cels.: gelum, quod (umor) continet in se, Lucr.: ut omnia, quae alantur et crescant, contineant in se vim caloris, Cic.: calor, qui aquis continetur, im W. enthalten ist, Cic. – übtr., αα) übh., enthalten, umfassen, tales res, quales hic liber continet, Cic.: primus liber (historiarum) continet res gestas regum populi————Romani, Nep.: nonus liber, quo missa ad Achillem legatio continetur, Quint.: litterae tuae partim laeta partim tristia continent, Plin. ep.: quod tabulae continent, Quint.: tabellae senatus consultum continentes, Val. Max.: liber secreta civilium sacrorum continens, Val. Max.: Idus Martiae magnum mendum continent, Cic.: simplex causa est, quae absolutam in se continet unam quaestionem, Cic. – und mit folg. Acc. u. Infin. od. indir. Fragesatz, tertia epistula continebat esse tibi redditam orationem pro Clario, Plin. ep.: tabulae, quibus centum talenta dedisse Thebanos continebatur, Quint.: quando ipsos loqui deceat, quartus liber continet, Quint. – im Passiv, is liber, quo acceptae et expensae summae continebantur, Val. Max.: earum ipsarum rerum, de quibus agimus, prima institutio et quasi disciplina illo libro continetur, Cic.: epistulae ei redduntur, quibus bellum Agidis in Graecia, bellum Alexandri in Italia continebatur, Iustin.: facinus, in quo omnia nefaria contineri mihi atque inesse (begriffen u. enthalten zu sein) videntur, Cic.: diei brevitas conviviis, noctis longitudo stupris et flagitiis continebatur, wurde ausgefüllt mit usw., Cic. – ββ) etw. wesentlich in sich enthalten, etw. wesentlich bedingen, das Wesen einer Sache ausmachen, der wesentliche Inbegriff-, der Hauptpunkt (die Hauptsache) sein von od. bei etw. (s. Kühner Cic. Tusc. 3, 58. Giese Cic. de div. 1, 117. Matthiä Cic. Rosc.————Am. 34), quod rem continet, quae rem continent, das, worauf es ankommt, das Wesentliche, Cic.: quod maxime rem causamque continet, Cic.: quae maxime rem continerent erant, die etwa die Hauptpunkte waren, Liv.: quod hunc locum continet, de quo agimus, Cic.: videamus de summo bono, quod continet philosophiam, welches der Hauptpunkt der Ph. ist, Cic.: haec quae vitam continent omnem, wesentlich bedingen, Cic. – im Passiv contineri alqā re od. in alqa re = wesentlich in etw. enthalten-, in od. unter etw. begriffen sein, wesentlich in etw. bestehen, durch etw. wesentlich bedingt sein, das Wesen einer Sache ausmachen, auf etw. sich wesentlich stützen, um etw. sich wesentlich drehen, non enim venis et nervis et ossibus continentur (di), Cic.: vita corpore et spiritu continetur, Cic.: status rei publicae maxime iudicatis rebus continetur, Cic.: exemplis continetur Aesopi genus, Phaedr.: artis pars magna continetur imitatione, Quint.: quo more caerimonia continetur, Caes.: Romanum foedus, quo nostra omnia continentur, Liv.: dolus malus in simulatione continetur, Cic. – v. Pers., bei etw. wesentlich beteiligt sein, qui viri hoc sermone continentur, Cic. de or. 3, 9.II) behalten, 1) umfassend, umschließend halten, umfaßt halten, festhalten, a) im allg.: α) v. der Hand u. v. d. Pers., die mit der Hand umfaßt: acus ea veniat in sinistram, quam dextra continuit, Cels. –————v. der Pers., c. dextram obambulantis, Suet.: alcis caput, Plaut. u. Cels.: alcis caput a posteriore parte (von hinten), Cels.: colem masculi sinistrā manu (bei einer Operation), Cels.: alqm (bei einer Operation), Cels., Auct. b. Afr. u. Curt.: u. so se continendum praebere, sich halten lassen, Curt. – β) v. Lebl., festhalten, in seiner Lage od. Stellung halten, quadratas regulas defigunt, quae lateres contineant, Caes.: naves minus commode copulis continebantur, Caes. – u. als mediz. t. t., ut (fascia) impositum medicamentum contineat, Cels.: nisi utrimque recti valentesque nervi collum contineant, Cels.: ferulae circumpositae ossa in sede sua contineant, Cels.b) Empfangenes bei sich festhalten, behalten, α) v. der Hand: expeditius manus rapiunt, quam continent, Curt. – u. v. der Pers., mit der Hand, difficile est continere, quod capere non possis, Curt. – β) v. Magen: alvus arcet et continet, quod recipit, Cic.: alvus alias cibos non transmittit, alias non continet, Plin.: u. ohne Objekt, stomachus non od. parum continet, Cels. – im Passiv, si cibus non continetur od. non contineri potest (verst. alvo), Cels. – u. im üblen Sinne, quia quod infusum est (das Klistier) alvo continetur, Cels. – v. der Pers., im Magen, onerati mero non continent cibum vino redundante, Sen. – γ) v. Gedächtnis: velox mihi memoria erat ad continenda, quae acceperam, Sen. rhet.: nec disci audiendo pos-————sunt omnia nec memoriā contineri, Lact. – δ) v. andern Ggstdn.: mollis lana, quae umorem intus contineat, Cels.: lapides rotundi, qui et contineant umorem et transmittant, Plin.: ut scrobes quam maxime accipiant aquam contineantque, Plin.: arida continent odorem diutius, Plin.2) wo behalten = wo bleiben lassen, a) übh.: digitum ibi continere, donec etc., Cels.: aeger manus sub multa veste continere debet, Cels.: contineat sub lingua salem, donec liquescat, Plin.: semper manum intra pallium, Quint.: c. manus paenulis, Suet.: brachium veste, Quint.: aquam calidam ore, Cels.: oleum in ore, Plin. – übtr., jmd. in einer Tätigkeit, in einem Zustande bleiben lassen, in od. bei etw. erhalten, alqm in ea exercitatione, Cic.: se in suis perennibus studiis, Cic.: haud aequo animo se in secundo gradu, sich begnügen mit usw., Curt.: alqm in officio suo, Cornif. rhet.: Belgas in officio (Gehorsam), Caes.: civitates in amicitia, Hirt. b. G.: Galliam in pace, Hirt. b. G.: Hispanias in summa quiete, Vell.: alqm sub tutela sua, bevormunden, Sen. – u. als mediz. t. t., alqm in ieiunio, Cels.: quā ratione aeger continendus sit, wie zu halten, Cels.b) wo verweilen lassen, sich aufhalten lassen, sich aufzuhalten nötigen, wie unser behalten, innen halten u. bl. halten, milites sub pellibus, Caes.: pecudem sub tecto, Col.: aegrum lucido loco————od. obscuro loco, Cels.: exercitum castris, Caes.: partem iuniorum domi, Liv.: alqm domi atque intra privatos parietes, Quint.: deos parietibus inclusos, Cic.: indignationes domi, verbergen, Liv. 1, 10, 1. – v. lebl. Subjj., rogo ut veniat, quia me recens adhuc luctus limine contineret, Plin. ep.: u. (im Bilde) neque privata domus parietibus continere voces coniurationis tuae potest, Cic.: si sui iuris finibus matronas contineret pudor, Liv. – bes. oft se continere u. Passiv contineri, sich halten, sich aufhalten, sich innen halten, se in lectulo, Cels.: se in villa, Val. Max.: se in Italia, Vell.: se intra coloniam suam, Sen. rhet.: sese intra silvas in occulto, sich in den W. verborgen halten, Caes.: se hoc colle, Caes.: se tectis od. se alvo (v. Bienen), Plin.: se vallo adversus validiorem hostem, Liv.: se portis muroque, Liv.: se suo loco (Stellung), Caes.: sese ad hoc tempus his sedibus, Caes.: se ruri, Ter.: se consulto domi, Cic.: u. (im Bilde) se suarum rerum finibus, Cic.: u. (m. Ang. wie?) si Poenus sub angulo Alpium quietus se contineat, sich ruhig verhalte, Liv. 29, 5, 9. – im Passiv, contineri intra suum limen, sich auf das Haus beschränken, Liv.: contineri tecto ac parietibus, Cic., tectis ac tenebris, Cic.: absol., acies ad solis occasum continentur, bleiben stehen, bleiben in ihrer Stellung, Caes. b. c. 1, 83, 3. – dah. prägn., α) alqm continere, jmd. innen halten = im Hause zu bleiben nötigen, frigi-————dus agricolam si quando continet imber, Verg. georg. 1, 259. – u. so bes. nachaug. oft se continere, sich innen halten (Ggstz. progredi), gew. = zu Hause bleiben, Cels. u. Suet.; selten = sich im Lager halten, zB. Iustin. 42, 4, 8. – β) alqd continere, etw. innen behalten = nicht mitteilen, teils Geschriebenes nicht herausgeben, reliquos libros, Cic. ad Att. 13, 21, 4. – teils Gewußtes bei sich od. für sich behalten, verschwiegen halten (Ggstz. proferre), quae vera audivi taceo atque contineo optime, Ter.: petimus ab Antonio, ut ea, quae continet neque adhuc protulit, explicet nobis, Cic. – teils einen Affekt zurückhalten, unterdrücken, verbergen = nicht äußern, nicht laut werden lassen m. dopp. Acc., alqd (gaudium, dolorem) tacitum c. od. c. non posse, Liv. 30, 17, 5 u. 40, 3, 5. c) wo aufbewahrt halten, aufbewahren, lacus (est) lacuna magna, ubi aqua contineri potest, Varro LL.: c. murenas ingentes in piscina, Sen.: privatā custodiā (Obhut) contineri (v. Schriften), Cic.: ebenso Vestae custodiā contineri (v. Palladium), Cic.: gens Aegyptiorum, quae plurimorum saeculorum et eventorum memoriam litteris continet, Cic.3) innen halten, einhalten = anhalten, aufhalten, an sich halten, hemmen, deutsch auch bl. halten, a) eig.: α) Lebl.: aquam, Caes.: ora frenis spumantibus, Phaedr. – animam in dicendo, Cic.: spiritum, Cels.: spiritum diutius, Cels.: spiritum in natando, Plin.:————gradum, Verg.: c. vocem, den Mund halten, Cic.: c. risum, Cic.: vix od. non c. lacrimas, Plaut. u. Aur. Vict.: non c. bilem, Sen. rhet.: diligentissime c. linguam, im Zaume halten, Cic.: so petulans non linguam, non manum continet, Sen.: unde manum iuventus metu deorum continuit? Hor. – β) leb. Wesen: suos continuit silentio (in St.), Liv.: artis frenis continet equos, Sen. poët. – v. leb. Subjj., an te tempestas continet? Plaut.: hos omnes flumina continebant, Caes.b) übtr.: α) jmd. aufhalten, abhalten, enthalten, m. ab u. Abl., suos a proelio, Caes.: omni ope milites ab seditione, Liv.: de omnibus rebus c. se ab assentiendo, Cic.: contineo me ab exemplis, Cic. – m. folg. ne od. (bei vorhergeh. Negation) m. quin od. quominus u. Konj., contineo igitur me, ne incognito assentiar, Cic.: ut contineant milites, ne studio pugnandi longius progrediantur, Caes.: nec contineri Macedones poterant, quin cursu quoque ad hostem contenderent, Curt.: ut vix ab amicis, quominus occideret eum, contineretur, Curt. – β) im Zaume-, in Schranken halten, αα) politisch od. militärisch im Zaume-, im Gehorsam (in der Treue) halten od. erhalten, in der Zucht halten (s. Fabri Liv. 22, 22, 11), reliquos Macedonas, Liv.: nauticos in navibus, Liv.: exercitum (v. Feldherrn), Cic. de imp. Pomp. 38 (versch. von Liv. 28, 2, 16 oben no. I, 1, b). – v. lebl. Subjj., severitas imperii eos continuit, Liv.:————metum continuisse ad eam diem Hispanorum animos, Liv. – m. Abl. (durch), c. Asiam modico exercitu, Curt.: proprio bello Tiburtes, Liv.: Etruscos non tam armis, quam iudiciorum terrore, Liv.: c. aequitate animi plebem, durch Zufriedenheit im Gehorsam halten = zufrieden erhalten, Caes.: c. fide populares, durch Tr. im G. h. = in der Tr. erhalten, Curt.: quae pauca (oppida) magis metu quam fide continebantur, Liv. – bei vorhergeh. Negation m. folg. quin u. Konj., qui (Bituriges) unius legionis hibernis contineri (abgehalten werden) non poterant, quin bellum pararent, Hirt. b. G. 8, 2. § 2. – ββ) moralisch im Zaume halten, bezähmen, zügeln, mäßigen, u. refl. continere se od. Passiv contineri medial = an sich halten, sich mäßigen, sich beherrschen, omnes cupiditates, Cic.: appetitiones od. appetitus animi (Ggstz. remittere, freien Lauf lassen), Cic.: se, Cic.: insolentiam suam modeste, Cic.: u. (v. lebl. Subjj.) quosdam continet metus, Quint.: ut metu contineatur audacia, Cic. – m. in u. Abl., in Scaevola c. dicta, Cic.: c. se in aliqua libidine (Ggstz. se in aliqua libidine effundere), Cic.: im Passiv, in illa cupiditate contineri, sich mäßigen (Ggstz. flagrare amentiā, inflammatā ferri libidine), Cic. – m. ab u. Abl., temeritatem ab omni lapsu, Cic.: a praesenti supplicio tuo continuit populus Romanus se et repressit, Cic. – bei vorhergeh. Negation m. folg. quin u. Konj., te non po-————tuisse continere iracundiam tuam, quin nobis de morte Caesaris obiceres, Brut. et Cass. in Cic. ep.: non continentes (verst. se), quin protinus adicerent, Vell.: non posse milites contineri, quin etc., Caes.: vix me contineo, quin involem in capillum, Ter.: male me, quin vera faterer, continui, male, quin, ut oportuit, oscula ferrem, Ov.: im Passiv, contineri, quin complectar, non queo, Plaut. – im Passiv im Zshg. absol., equidem cupio (sc. reducere) et vix contineor (sc. quin reducam), Ter. Hec. 615.Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > contineo
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10 animus
ănĭmus, i, m. [a Graeco-Italic form of anemos = wind (as ego, lego, of ego, lego); cf. Sanscr. an = to breathe, anas = breath, anilas = wind; Goth. uz-ana = exspiro; Erse, anal = breath; Germ. Unst = a storm (so, sometimes); but Curt. does not extend the connection to AФ, aêmi = to blow; a modification of animus—by making which the Romans took a step in advance of the Greeks, who used hê psuchê for both these ideas—is anima, which has the physical meaning of anemos, so that Cic. was theoretically right, but historically wrong, when he said, ipse animus ab anima dictus est, Tusc. 1, 9, 19; after the same analogy we have from psuchô = to breathe, blow, psuchê = breath, life, soul; from pneô = to breathe, pneuma = air, breath, life, in class. Greek, and = spirit, a spiritual being, in Hellenistic Greek; from spiro = to breathe, blow, spiritus = breath, breeze, energy, high spirit, and poet. and post-Aug. = soul, mind; the Engl. ghost = Germ. Geist may be comp. with Germ. giessen and cheô, to pour, and for this interchange of the ideas of gases and liquids, cf. Sol. 22: insula adspiratur freto Gallico, is flowed upon, washed, by the Gallic Strait; the Sanscr. atman = breath, soul, with which comp. aytmê = breath; Germ. Odem = breath, and Athem = breath, soul, with which group Curt. connects auô, aêmi; the Heb. = breath, life, soul; and = breath, wind, life, spirit, soul or mind].I.In a general sense, the rational soul in man (in opp. to the body, corpus, and to the physical life, anima), hê psuchê:II.humanus animus decerptus ex mente divina,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 38:Corpus animum praegravat, Atque affixit humo divinae particulam aurae,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 77:credo deos immortales sparsisse animos in corpora humana, ut essent qui terras tuerentur etc.,
Cic. Sen. 21, 77:eas res tueor animi non corporis viribus,
id. ib. 11, 38; so id. Off. 1, 23, 79:quae (res) vel infirmis corporibus animo tamen administratur,
id. Sen. 6, 15; id. Off. 1, 29, 102:omnes animi cruciatus et corporis,
id. Cat. 4, 5, 10:levantes Corpus et animum,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 141:formam et figuram animi magis quam corporis complecti,
Tac. Agr. 46; id. H. 1, 22:animi validus et corpore ingens,
id. A. 15, 53:Aristides primus animum pinxit et sensus hominis expressit, quae vocantur Graece ethe, item perturbationes,
first painted the soul, put a soul into his figures, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 98 (cf.:animosa signa,
life-like statues, Prop. 4, 8, 9): si nihil esset in eo (animo), nisi id, ut per eum viveremus, i. e. were it mere anima, Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 56:Singularis est quaedam natura atque vis animi, sejuncta ab his usitatis notisque naturis, i. e. the four material elements,
id. ib. 1, 27, 66: Neque nos corpora sumus. Cum igitur nosce te dicit, hoc dicit, nosce animum tuum, id. ib. 1, 22, 52:In quo igitur loco est (animus)? Credo equidem in capite,
id. ib. 1, 29, 70:corpora nostra, terreno principiorum genere confecta, ardore animi concalescunt,
derive their heat from the fiery nature of the soul, id. ib. 1, 18, 42:Non valet tantum animus, ut se ipsum ipse videat: at, ut oculus, sic animus, se non videns alia cernit,
id. ib. 1, 27, 67: foramina illa ( the senses), quae patent ad animum a corpore, callidissimo artificio natura fabricata est, id. ib. 1, 20, 47: dum peregre est animus sine corpore velox, independently of the body, i. e. the mind roaming in thought, Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 13:discessus animi a corpore,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18; 1, 30, 72:cum nihil erit praeter animum,
when there shall be nothing but the soul, when the soul shall be disembodied, id. ib. 1, 20, 47; so,animus vacans corpore,
id. ib. 1, 22, 50; and:animus sine corpore,
id. ib. 1, 22, 51:sine mente animoque nequit residere per artus pars ulla animai,
Lucr. 3, 398 (for the pleonasm here, v. infra, II. A. 1.):Reliquorum sententiae spem adferunt posse animos, cum e corporibus excesserint in caelum pervenire,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:permanere animos arbitramur consensu nationum omnium,
id. ib. 1, 16, 36:Pherecydes primus dixit animos esse hominum sempiternos,
id. ib. 1, 16, 38:Quod ni ita se haberet, ut animi immortales essent, haud etc.,
id. Sen. 23, 82: immortalitas animorum, id. ib. 21, 78; id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24; 1, 14, 30:aeternitas animorum,
id. ib. 1, 17, 39; 1, 22, 50 (for the plur. animorum, in this phrase, cf. Cic. Sen. 23, 84); for the atheistic notions about the soul, v. Lucr. bk. iii.—In a more restricted sense, the mind as thinking, feeling, willing, the intellect, the sensibility, and the will, acc. to the almost universally received division of the mental powers since the time of Kant (Diog. Laert. 8, 30, says that Pythagoras divided hê psuchê into ho nous, hai phrenes, and ho thumos; and that man had ho nous and ho thumos in common with other animals, but he alone had hai phrenes. Here ho nous and ho thumos must denote the understanding and the sensibility, and hai phrenes, the reason. Plutarch de Placit. 4, 21, says that the Stoics called the supreme faculty of the mind (to hêgemonikon tês psuchês) ho logismos, reason. Cic. sometimes speaks of a twofold division; as, Est animus in partes tributus duas, quarum altera rationis est particeps, altera expers (i. e. to logistikon and to alogon of Plato; cf. Tert. Anim. 16), i. e. the reason or intellect and the sensibility, Tusc. 2, 21, 47; so id. Off. 1, 28, 101; 1, 36, 132; id. Tusc 4, 5, 10; and again of a threefold; as, Plato triplicem finxit animum, cujus principatum, id est rationem in capite sicut in arce posuit, et duas partes ( the two other parts) ei parere voluit, iram et cupiditatem, quas locis disclusit; iram in pectore, cupiditatem subter praecordia locavit, i. e. the reason or intellect, and the sensibility here resolved into desire and aversion, id. ib. 1, 10, 20; so id. Ac. 2, 39, 124. The will, hê boulêsis, voluntas, arbitrium, seems to have been sometimes merged in the sensibility, ho thumos, animus, animi, sensus, and sometimes identified with the intellect or reason, ho nous, ho logismos, mens, ratio).A.1.. The general power of perception and thought, the reason, intellect, mind (syn.: mens, ratio, ingenium), ho nous:2.cogito cum meo animo,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 13; so Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 55:cum animis vestris cogitare,
Cic. Agr. 2, 24:recordari cum animo,
id. Clu. 25, 70;and without cum: animo meditari,
Nep. Ages. 4, 1; cf. id. Ham. 4, 2:cogitare volvereque animo,
Suet. Vesp. 5:animo cogitare,
Vulg. Eccli. 37, 9:statuere apud animum,
Liv. 34, 2:proposui in animo meo,
Vulg. Eccli. 1, 12:nisi me animus fallit, hi sunt, etc.,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 23:in dubio est animus,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; id. ib. prol. 1; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 29:animum ad se ipsum advocamus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:lumen animi, ingenii consiliique tui,
id. Rep. 6, 12 al. —For the sake of rhet. fulness, animus often has a synonym joined with it: Mens et animus et consilium et sententia civitatis posita est in legibus,
Cic. Clu. 146:magnam cui mentem animumque Delius inspirat vates,
Verg. A. 6, 11:complecti animo et cogitatione,
Cic. Off. 1, 32, 117; id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:animis et cogitatione comprehendere,
id. Fl. 27, 66:cum omnia ratione animoque lustraris,
id. Off. 1, 17, 56:animorum ingeniorumque naturale quoddam quasi pabulum consideratio naturae,
id. Ac. 2, 41, 127.—Hence the expressions: agitatio animi, attentio, contentio; animi adversio; applicatio animi; judicium, opinio animorum, etc. (v. these vv.); and animum advertere, adjungere, adplicare, adpellere, inducere, etc. (v. these vv.).—Of particular faculties of mind, the memory:3.etiam nunc mihi Scripta illa dicta sunt in animo Chrysidis,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 46:An imprimi, quasi ceram, animum putamus etc. (an idea of Aristotle's),
Cic. Tusc. 1, 25, 61:ex animo effluere,
id. de Or. 2, 74, 300: omnia fert aetas, animum quoque;... Nunc oblita mihi tot carmina,
Verg. E. 9, 51.—Consciousness (physically considered) or the vital power, on which consciousness depends ( = conscientia, q. v. II. A., or anima, q. v. II. E.):4.vae miserae mihi. Animo malest: aquam velim,
I'm fainting, my wits are going, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 6; id. Curc. 2, 3, 33:reliquit animus Sextium gravibus acceptis vulneribus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 38:Una eademque via sanguis animusque sequuntur,
Verg. A. 10, 487:animusque reliquit euntem,
Ov. M. 10, 459:nisi si timor abstulit omnem Sensum animumque,
id. ib. 14, 177:linqui deinde animo et submitti genu coepit,
Curt. 4, 6, 20: repente animo linqui solebat, Suet. Caes. 45:ad recreandos defectos animo puleio,
Plin. 20, 14, 54, § 152.—The conscience, in mal. part. (v. conscientia, II. B. 2. b.):5.cum conscius ipse animus se remordet,
Lucr. 4, 1135:quos conscius animus exagitabat,
Sall. C. 14, 3:suae malae cogitationes conscientiaeque animi terrent,
Cic. Sex. Rosc. 67.—In Plaut. very freq., and once also in Cic., meton. for judicium, sententia, opinion, judgment; mostly meo quidem animo or meo animo, according to my mind, in my opinion, Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 17:6.e meo quidem animo aliquanto facias rectius, si, etc.,
id. Aul. 3, 6, 3:meo quidem animo, hic tibi hodie evenit bonus,
id. Bacch. 1, 1, 69; so id. Aul. 3, 5, 4; id. Curc. 4, 2, 28; id. Bacch. 3, 2, 10; id. Ep. 1, 2, 8; id. Poen. 1, 2, 23; id. Rud. 4, 4, 94; Cic. Sest. 22:edepol lenones meo animo novisti,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 19:nisi, ut meus est animus, fieri non posse arbitror,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 5 (cf.:EX MEI ANIMI SENTENTIA,
Inscr. Orell. 3665:ex animi tui sententia,
Cic. Off. 3, 29, 108).—The imagination, the fancy (for which Cic. often uses cogitatio, as Ac. 2, 15, 48):B.cerno animo sepultam patriam, miseros atque insepultos acervos civium,
Cic. Cat. 4, 6, 11:fingere animo jubebat aliquem etc.,
id. Sen. 12, 41: Fingite animis;litterae enim sunt cogitationes nostrae, et quae volunt, sic intuentur, ut ea cernimus, quae videmus,
id. Mil. 29, 79:Nihil animo videre poterant,
id. Tusc. 1, 16, 38.—The power of feeling, the sensibility, the heart, the feelings, affections, inclinations, disposition, passions (either honorable or base; syn.: sensus, adfectus, pectus, cor), ho thumos.1.a.. In gen., heart, soul, spirit, feeling, inclination, affection, passion: Medea, animo aegra, amore saevo saucia, Enn. ap. Auct. ad Her. 2, 22 (cf. Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 36:(α).animo hercle homo suo est miser): tu si animum vicisti potius quam animus te, est quod gaudeas, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 27 -29:harum scelera et lacrumae confictae dolis Redducunt animum aegrotum ad misericordiam,
Ter. And. 3, 3, 27:Quo gemitu conversi animi (sunt),
Verg. A. 2, 73:Hoc fletu concussi animi,
id. ib. 9, 498;4, 310: animum offendere,
Cic. Lig. 4; id. Deiot. 33; so Vulg. Gen. 26, 35.—Mens and animus are often conjoined and contrasted, mind and heart (cf. the Homeric kata phrena kai kata thumon, in mind and heart): mentem atque animum delectat suum, entertains his mind and delights his heart, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10:Satin tu sanus mentis aut animi tui?
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 53:mala mens, malus animus,
bad mind, bad heart, Ter. And. 1, 1, 137:animum et mentem meam ipsa cogitatione hominum excellentium conformabam,
Cic. Arch. 6, 14:Nec vero corpori soli subveniendum est, sed menti atque animo multo magis,
id. Sen. 11, 36:ut omnium mentes animosque perturbaret,
Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 1, 21:Istuc mens animusque fert,
Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 8:Stare Socrates dicitur tamquam quodam recessu mentis atque animi facto a corpore,
Gell. 2, 1; 15, 2, 7.—And very rarely with this order inverted: Jam vero animum ipsum mentemque hominis, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 147:mente animoque nobiscum agunt,
Tac. G. 29:quem nobis animum, quas mentes imprecentur,
id. H. 1, 84;and sometimes pleon. without such distinction: in primis regina quietum Accipit in Teucros animum mentemque benignam,
a quiet mind and kindly heart, Verg. A. 1, 304; so,pravitas animi atque ingenii,
Vell. 2, 112, 7 (for mens et animus, etc., in the sense of thought, used as a pleonasm, v. supra, II. A. 1.):Verum animus ubi semel se cupiditate devinxit mala, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 34:animus perturbatus et incitatus nec cohibere se potest, nec quo loco vult insistere,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 41:animum comprimit,
id. ib. 2, 22, 53:animus alius ad alia vitia propensior,
id. ib. 4, 37, 81; id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1:sed quid ego hic animo lamentor,
Enn. Ann. 6, 40:tremere animo,
Cic. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4:ingentes animo concipit iras,
Ov. M. 1, 166:exsultare animo,
id. ib. 6, 514.—So often ex animo, from the heart, from the bottom of one's heart, deeply, truly, sincerely:Paulum interesse censes ex animo omnia facias an de industria?
from your heart or with some design, Ter. And. 4, 4, 55; id. Ad. 1, 1, 47:nisi quod tibi bene ex animo volo,
id. Heaut. 5, 2, 6: verbum [p. 124] ex animo dicere, id. Eun. 1, 2, 95:sive ex animo id fit sive simulate,
Cic. N. D. 2, 67, 168:majore studio magisve ex animo petere non possum,
id. Fam. 11, 22:ex animo vereque diligi,
id. ib. 9, 6, 2:ex animo dolere,
Hor. A. P. 432:quae (gentes) dederunt terram meam sibi cum gaudio et toto corde et ex animo,
Vulg. Ezech. 36, 5; ib. Eph. 6, 6; ib. 1 Pet. 5, 3.—And with gen.With verbs:(β).Quid illam miseram animi excrucias?
Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 76; 4, 6, 65:Antipho me excruciat animi,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 10:discrucior animi,
id. Ad. 4, 4, 1:in spe pendebit animi,
id. Heaut. 4, 4, 5: juvenemque animi miserata repressit, pitying him in her heart, thumôi phileousa te kêdomenê te (Hom. Il. 1, 196), Verg. A. 10, 686.—With adjj.:b.aeger animi,
Liv. 1, 58; 2, 36; 6, 10; Curt. 4, 3, 11; Tac. H. 3, 58:infelix animi,
Verg. A. 4, 529:felix animi,
Juv. 14, 159:victus animi,
Verg. G. 4, 491:ferox animi,
Tac. A. 1, 32:promptus animi,
id. H. 2, 23:praestans animi,
Verg. A. 12, 19:ingens animi,
Tac. A. 1, 69 (for this gen. v. Ramsh. Gr. p. 323; Key, § 935; Wagner ad Plaut. Aul. v. 105; Draeger, Hist. Synt. I. p. 443).—Meton., disposition, character (so, often ingenium): nimis paene animo es Molli, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 49:2.animo audaci proripit sese,
Pac. Trag. Rel. p. 109 Rib.:petulans protervo, iracundo animo,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 1; id. Truc. 4, 3, 1:ubi te vidi animo esse omisso (omisso = neglegenti, Don.),
Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 9; Cic. Fam. 2. 17 fin.:promptus animus vester,
Vulg. 2 Cor. 9, 2: animis estis simplicibus et mansuetis nimium creditis unicuique, Auct. ad Her. 4, 37:eorum animi molles et aetate fluxi dolis haud difficulter capiebantur,
Sall. C. 14, 5:Hecabe, Non oblita animorum, annorum oblita suorum,
Ov. M. 13, 550:Nihil est tam angusti animi tamque parvi, quam amare divitias,
Cic. Off. 1, 20, 68:sordidus atque animi parvi,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 10; Vell. 2, 25, 3:Drusus animi fluxioris erat,
Suet. Tib. 52.—In particular, some one specific emotion, inclination, or passion (honorable or base; in this signif., in the poets and prose writers, very freq. in the plur.). —a.Courage, spirit:b.ibi nostris animus additus est,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 94; cf. Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 31; id. And. 2, 1, 33:deficiens animo maesto cum corde jacebat,
Lucr. 6, 1232:virtute atque animo resistere,
Cic. Fam. 5, 2, 8:fac animo magno fortique sis,
id. ib. 6, 14 fin.:Cassio animus accessit, et Parthis timor injectus est,
id. Att. 5, 20, 3:nostris animus augetur,
Caes. B. G. 7, 70:mihi in dies magis animus accenditur,
Sall. C. 20, 6; Cic. Att. 5, 18; Liv. 8, 19; 44, 29:Nunc demum redit animus,
Tac. Agr. 3:bellica Pallas adest, Datque animos,
Ov. M. 5, 47:pares annis animisque,
id. ib. 7, 558:cecidere illis animique manusque,
id. ib. 7, 347 (cf.:tela viris animusque cadunt,
id. F. 3, 225) et saep.—Hence, bono animo esse or uti, to be of good courage, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 5: Am. Bono animo es. So. Scin quam bono animo sim? Plaut. Am. 22, 39:In re mala animo si bono utare, adjuvat,
id. Capt. 2, 1, 9:bono animo fac sis,
Ter. Ad. 3, 5, 1:quin tu animo bono es,
id. ib. 4, 2, 4:quare bono animo es,
Cic. Att. 5, 18; so Vulg. 2 Macc. 11, 26; ib. Act. 18, 25;so also, satis animi,
sufficient courage, Ov. M. 3, 559.—Also for hope:magnus mihi animus est, hodiernum diem initium libertatis fore,
Tac. Agr, 30.— Trop., of the violent, stormy motion of the winds of AEolus:Aeolus mollitque animos et temperat iras,
Verg. A. 1, 57.—Of a top:dant animos plagae,
give it new force, quicker motion, Verg. A. 7, 383.—Of spirit in discourse: in Asinio Pollione et consilii et animi satis,
Quint. 10, 1, 113. —Haughtiness, arrogance, pride: quae civitas est in Asia, quae unius tribuni militum animos ac spiritus capere possit? can bear the arrogance and pride, etc., Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 66:c.jam insolentiam noratis hominis: noratis animos ejus ac spiritus tribunicios,
id. Clu. 39, 109; so id. Caecin. 11 al.; Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 3 (cf.:quia paululum vobis accessit pecuniae, Sublati animi sunt,
Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 56).—Violent passion, vehemence, wrath:d.animum vincere, iracundiam cohibere, etc.,
Cic. Marcell. 3:animum rege, qui nisi paret Imperat,
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62:qui dominatur animo suo,
Vulg. Prov. 16, 32.—So often in plur.; cf hoi thumoi: ego meos animos violentos meamque iram ex pectore jam promam, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 43:vince animos iramque tuam,
Ov. H. 3, 85; id. M. 8, 583; Prop. 1, 5, 12:Parce tuis animis, vita, nocere tibi,
id. 2, 5, 18:Sic longius aevum Destruit ingentes animos,
Luc. 8, 28:coeunt sine more, sine arte, Tantum animis iraque,
Stat. Th. 11, 525 al. —Moderation, patience, calmness, contentedness, in the phrase aequus animus, an even mind:e.si est animus aequos tibi,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 10; id. Rud. 2, 3, 71; Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 145; and often in the abl., aequo animo, with even mind, patiently, etc.:aequo animo ferre,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 23; Cic. Tusc. 1, 39, 93; id. Sen. 23, 84; Nep. Dion. 6, 4; Liv. 5, 39:aequo animo esse,
Vulg. 3 Reg. 21, 7; ib. Judith, 7, 23: Aequo animo est? of merry heart (Gr. euthumei), ib. Jac. 5, 13:animis aequis remittere,
Cic. Clu. 2, 6:aequiore animo successorem opperiri,
Suet. Tib. 25:haud aequioribus animis audire,
Liv. 23, 22: sapientissimus quisque aequissimo animo moritur; stultissimus iniquissimo. Cic. Sen. 23, 83; so id. Tusc. 1, 45, 109; Sall. C. 3, 2; Suet. Aug. 56:iniquo animo,
Att. Trag. Rel. p. 150 Rib.; Cic. Tusc. 2, 2, 5; Quint. 11, 1, 66.—Agreeable feeling, pleasure, delight:f.cubat amans animo obsequens,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 134:indulgent animis, et nulla quid utile cura est,
Ov. M. 7, 566; so, esp. freq.: animi causa (in Plaut. once animi gratia), for the sake of amusement, diversion (cf.:haec (animalia) alunt animi voluptatisque causa,
Caes. B. G. 5, 12):Post animi causa mihi navem faciam,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 27; so id. Trin. 2, 2, 53; id. Ep. 1, 1, 43:liberare fidicinam animi gratia,
id. ib. 2, 2, 90:qui illud animi causa fecerit, hunc praedae causa quid facturum putabis?
Cic. Phil. 7, 6:habet animi causa rus amoenum et suburbanum,
id. Rosc. Am. 46 Matth.; cf. id. ib. § 134, and Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 17, 56; Cic. Fam. 7, 2:Romanos in illis munitionibus animine causa cotidie exerceri putatis?
Caes. B. G. 7, 77; Plin. praef. 17 Sill.—Disposition toward any one:C.hoc animo in nos esse debebis, ut etc.,
Cic. Fam. 2, 1 fin.:meus animus erit in te semper, quem tu esse vis,
id. ib. 5, 18 fin.:qui, quo animo inter nos simus, ignorant,
id. ib. 3, 6; so id. ib. 4, 15;5, 2: In quo in primis quo quisque animo, studio, benevolentia fecerit, ponderandum est,
id. Off. 1, 15, 49:quod (Allobroges) nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,
to be well disposed, Caes. B. G. 1, 6 fin. —In the pregn. signif. of kind, friendly feeling, affection, kindness, liberality:animum fidemque praetorianorum erga se expertus est,
Suet. Oth. 8:Nec non aurumque animusque Latino est,
Verg. A. 12, 23.—Hence, meton., of a person who is loved, my heart, my soul:salve, anime mi,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 3:da, meus ocellus, mea rosa, mi anime, da, mea voluptas,
id. As. 3, 3, 74; so id. ib. 5, 2, 90; id. Curc. 1, 3, 9; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 48; id. Most. 1, 4, 23; id. Men. 1, 3, 1; id. Mil. 4, 8, 20; id. Rud. 4, 8, 1; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 15 et saep. —The power of willing, the will, inclination, desire, purpose, design, intention (syn.: voluntas, arbitrium, mens, consilium, propositum), hê boulêsis:D.qui rem publicam animo certo adjuverit,
Att. Trag Rel. p. 182 Rib.:pro inperio tuo meum animum tibi servitutem servire aequom censui,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 23:Ex animique voluntate id procedere primum,
goes forth at first from the inclination of the soul, Lucr. 2, 270; so,pro animi mei voluntate,
Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 8 (v. Manut. ad h.l.):teneo, quid animi vostri super hac re siet,
Plaut. Am. prol. 58; 1, 1, 187:Nam si semel tuom animum ille intellexerit, Prius proditurum te etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 69:Prius quam tuom ut sese habeat animum ad nuptias perspexerit,
id. And. 2, 3, 4:Sin aliter animus voster est, ego etc.,
id. Ad. 3, 4, 46:Quid mi istaec narras? an quia non audisti, de hac re animus meus ut sit?
id. Hec. 5, 2, 19:qui ab auro gazaque regia manus, oculos, animum cohibere possit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 66:istum exheredare in animo habebat,
id. Rosc. Am. 18, 52: nobis crat in animo Ciceronem ad Caesarem mittere, we had it in mind to send, etc., id. Fam. 14, 11; Serv. ad Cic. ib. 4, 12:hostes in foro constiterunt, hoc animo, ut, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28:insurrexerunt uno animo in Paulum,
with one mind, Vulg. Act. 18, 12; 19, 29: persequi Jugurtham animus ardebat, Sall. J. 39, 5 Gerlach (others, animo, as Dietsch); so id. de Rep. Ord. 1, 8: in nova fert an mus mutatas dicere formas, my mind inclines to tell of, etc., Ov. M. 1, 1.—Hence, est animus alicui, with inf., to have a mind for something, to aim at, etc.:omnibus unum Opprimere est animus,
Ov. M. 5, 150:Sacra Jovi Stygio perficere est animus,
Verg. A. 4, 639:Fuerat animus conjuratis corpus occisi in Tiberim trahere,
Suet. Caes. 82 fin.; id. Oth. 6; cf. id. Calig. 56.—So, aliquid alicui in animo est, with inf., Tac. G. 3.—So, inducere in animum or animum, to resolve upon doing something; v. induco.—Trop., of the principle of life and activity in irrational objects, as in Engl. the word mind is used.1.Of brutes:2.in bestiis, quarum animi sunt rationis expertes,
whose minds, Cic. Tusc. 1, 33, 80:Sunt bestiae, in quibus etiam animorum aliqua ex parte motus quosdam videmus,
id. Fin. 5, 14, 38:ut non inscite illud dictum videatur in sue, animum illi pecudi datum pro sale, ne putisceret,
id. ib. 5, 13, 38, ubi v. Madv.:(apes Ingentes animos angusto in pectore versant,
Verg. G. 4, 83:Illiusque animos, qui multos perdidit unus, Sumite serpentis,
Ov. M. 3, 544:cum pecudes pro regionis caelique statu et habitum corporis et ingenium animi et pili colorem gerant,
Col. 6, 1, 1:Umbria (boves progenerat) vastos nec minus probabiles animis quam corporibus,
id. 6, 1, 2 si equum ipsum nudum et solum corpus ejus et animum contemplamur, App. de Deo Socr. 23 (so sometimes mens:iniquae mentis asellus,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 20).—Of plants:III.haec quoque Exuerint silvestrem animum, i. e. naturam, ingenium,
their wild nature, Verg. G. 2, 51.—Transf. Of God or the gods, as we say, the Divine Mind, the Mind of God:certe et deum ipsum et divinum animum corpore liberatum cogitatione complecti possumus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51 (so mens, of God, id. ib. 1, 22, 66; id. Ac. 2, 41, 126):Tantaene animis caelestibus irae?
Verg. A. 1, 11. -
11 contineo
con-tĭnĕo, tĭnŭi, tentum, 2, v. a. and n. [teneo].I.Act., to hold or keep together.A.In gen. (rare).1.Lit. (syn.:b.coërceo, conjungo): contine quaeso caput,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 26:quod omnem continet amplexu terram,
Lucr. 5, 319; cf.:mundus omnia conplexu suo coërcet et continet,
Cic. N. D. 2, 22, 58:vitem levi nodo,
Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 187:magni refert primordia saepe cum quibus... contineantur,
Lucr. 1, 818; 1, 908; 2, 761;2, 1008: pars oppidi, mari dijuncta angusto, ponte adjungitur et continetur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 52, § 117.—Of places, to bound, limit, enclose (very rare in act.):2.reliquum spatium mons continet,
Caes. B. G. 1, 38:Oceanus ponto qua continet orbem,
Tib. 4, 1, 147; but more freq. in pass., to be comprised, enclosed, surrounded, encompassed, environed by:qui vicus altissimis montibus undique continetur,
Caes. B. G. 3, 1; so,undique loci naturā Helvetii,
id. ib. 1, 2:mare montibus angustis,
id. ib. 4, 23:una pars Galliae Garumnā flumine, Oceano, finibus Belgarum,
id. ib. 1, 1.—Trop.:B.omnes artes quasi cognatione quādam inter se continentur,
hang together, Cic. Arch. 1, 2.—Far more freq. in all periods and species of composition.,With partic. access. ideas.1.With the access. idea of firmness, quiet, permanence, etc., to hold or keep together, to keep, hold fast, preserve, retain (syn. servo).a.Lit.:b.(alvus) arcet et continet... quod recepit,
Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136:merces (opp. partiri),
id. Vatin. 5, 12; cf.exercitum (opp. dividere),
Liv. 28, 2, 16:arida continent odorem diutius,
Plin. 21, 7, 18, § 39.—Trop.:2.nec ulla res vehementius rem publicam continet quam fides,
Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:Remos reliquosque Belgas in officio,
Caes. B. G. 3, 11:in officio Dumnorigem,
id. ib. 5, 7:te in exercitatione,
Cic. Fam. 7, 19 fin.:te in tuis perenuibus studiis,
id. Brut. 97, 332:ceteros in armis (plaga),
Liv. 9, 41, 15:alicujus hospitio,
Nep. Lys. 1, 5.—With the access. idea of hindering, preventing motion, to keep, keep still, detain, restrain, repress, enclose.a.Lit.: milites [p. 449] sub pellibus, Caes. B. G. 3, 29; cf.:b.pecudem sub tecto,
Col. 7, 10, 3:exercitum castris,
Caes. B. G. 1, 48; 2, 11; Liv. 31, 26, 6; 28, 9, 14 al.; cf.:nostros in castris (tempestates),
Caes. B. G. 4, 34; 6, 36; and:copias in castris,
id. B. C. 1, 66; 3, 30; Auct. B. Afr. 1; 7; Liv. 36, 17, 9:Pompeium quam angustissime,
Caes. B. C. 3, 45:aliquem limine,
Liv. 34, 1, 5:ora frenis,
Phaedr. 3, 6, 7:ventos carcere,
Ov. M. 11, 432:animam in dicendo,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261 et saep.:se ruri,
to stay, remain, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 17; cf.:se domi,
Suet. Caes. 81:suo se loco,
Caes. B. G. 4, 34:oppido sese,
id. ib. 2, 30:castris se continere,
id. B. C. 3, 37:se vallo,
id. B. G. 5, 44:se finibus Romanis,
Liv. 39, 17, 4; 34, 58, 3:moenibus sese,
id. 42, 7, 4:agrorum suorum terminis se,
id. 38, 40, 2:se moenibus,
Ov. M. 13, 208:sese intra silvas,
Caes. B. G. 2, 18:suos intra munitionem,
id. ib. 5, 57;5, 58: milites intra castrorum vallum,
id. B. C. 3, 76; Liv. 31, 34, 9;Auct. B. Afr. 24: intra castra militem,
Tac. H. 4, 19:praesidibus provinciarum propagavit imperium, ut a peritis et assuetis socii continerentur,
Suet. Aug. 23 et saep.:an te auspicium commoratum est? an tempestas continet?
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 67.—Trop., to hold back, detain, repress, hold in check, curb, check, stay, stop, tame, subdue, etc. (syn. cohibeo):3.adpetitiones animi,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 9, 22:omnis cupiditates,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 11, § 32:modeste insolentiam suam,
id. Agr. 1, 6, 18:risum,
id. Fin. 4, 25, 71 et saep.:formido mortales omnes,
Lucr. 1, 151:Etruriam non tam armis quam judiciorum terrore,
Liv. 29, 36, 10:oppida magis metu quam fide,
id. 30, 20, 5; cf.:quosdam continet metus,
Quint. 1, 3, 6:solo metu,
id. 12, 7, 2 et saep.:animum a consuetā libidine,
Sall. J. 15, 3:temeritatem ab omni lapsu (with cohibere),
Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 45:suos a proelio,
Caes. B. G. 1, 15:manum juventus Metu deorum,
Hor. C. 1, 35, 37 al.:se ab adsentiendo,
Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 104; so,se ab exemplis,
id. Fin. 2, 19, 62:temperans, qui se in aliquā libidine continuerit,
id. Par. 3, 1, 21:se male continet amens,
Ov. M. 4, 351:male me, quin vera faterer, Continui,
id. ib. 7, 729:nequeo continere quin loquar,
Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 28.—Mid.: contineri, quin complectar, non queo,
restrain myself, refrain, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 128; cf.:vix me contineo, quin, etc.,
Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 20:jam nequeo contineri,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 60; cf.:vix contineor,
Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 9:quae vera audivi, taceo et contineo optime,
keep it to myself, conceal it, id. Eun. 1, 2, 23:ea quae continet, neque adhuc protulit, explicet nobis,
Cic. de Or. 1, 47, 206:dicta,
id. ib. 2, 55, 222.—With the access. idea of containing, to comprise, contain, involve, comprehend something in itself (syn. complector):b.(aqua gelum) quod continet in se, mittit,
Lucr. 6, 877; cf.:ut omnia, quae aluntur et crescunt, contineant in se vim caloris,
Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 23; so,in se,
Quint. 1, 6, 31; 2, 10, 2:Quattuor aeternus genitalia corpora mundus Continet,
Ov. M. 15, 240:rem militarem,
Liv. 5, 52, 16:panis innumeras paene continet medicinas,
Plin. 22, 25, 68, § 138:(linea) centum continet (pedes),
Quint. 1, 10, 44:Idus Martiae magnum mendum continent,
Cic. Att. 14, 22, 2:paucas species (vox),
Quint. 11, 3, 18:tales res, quales hic liber continet,
Cic. Or. 43, 148; Plin. Ep. 5, 9, 1:narrationes, quae summam criminis contineant,
Quint. 4, 2, 10:fabula stultorum regum et populorum continet aestus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 8; cf.:liber primus ea continebit, quae, etc., Quint. prooem. § 21: tertia epistula continebat, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 9, 28, 5.—With subj.-clause:quando ipsos loqui deceat, quartus liber continet,
Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Esp. freq.,In pass.: contineri aliquā re, to be contained in something, be composed of, consist of or in, to rest upon, to be supported by, etc.:II.terreno corpore,
Lucr. 1, 1085:non venis et nervis et ossibus continentur (dii),
Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 59:artem negabat esse ullam, nisi quae cognitis penitusque perspectis... rebus contineretur,
id. de Or. 1, 20, 92:forma honestatis, quae tota quattuor his virtutibus... continetur,
id. Fin. 2, 15, 48:versus paucis (pedibus) continetur,
Quint. 9, 4, 60: quae philosophorum libris continentur, id. prooem. § 11; cf. id. 5, 10, 111 et saep.: artes, quae conjecturā continentur et sunt opinabiles, Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24:foedere,
Liv. 41, 23, 9:actu,
Quint. 2, 18, 5; 12, 9, 1; 3, 7, 28.—Rarely with in and abl.:forum, in quo omnis aequitas continetur,
Cic. Cat. 4, 1, 2; cf.:quibus (legibus) in singulis civitatibus res publica continetur,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23.—Neutr., to hold together in itself, to hang together (in the verb. finit. very rare; but freq. as P. a.; cf. also the deriv. continuus):1.per hortum utroque commeatus continet,
Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 43.—Hence,contĭnens, entis, P. a.A.(Acc. to II.) Holding or hanging together (freq. and class.).1.Bordering upon, neighboring, contiguous, lying near, adjacent (syn.: junctus, adjunctus, contiguus); constr. with dat., cum, or absol.a.Prop.:b.aër mari,
Cic. N. D. 2, 45, 117:continentia atque adjuncta praedia huic fundo,
id. Caecin. 4, 11:(mare) dissimile est proximo ei continenti,
id. Ac. 2, 33, 105 al.:Cappadociae pars ea, quae cum Cilicià continens est,
id. Fam. 15, 2, 2:(Morini) continentes silvas ac paludes habebant,
Caes. B. G. 3, 28; cf. so absol.:parum locuples continente ripā,
Hor. C. 2, 18, 22; cf.:pars eorum, qui propiores erant continenti litori,
Liv. 44, 28, 12.— Subst.: contĭnentĭa, ĭum, n. (sc. loca), adjoining places, the neighborhood:Cherronesum et continentia usque Atho montem,
Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 215 al.:urbis,
the suburbs, Dig. 50, 16, 147.—Trop., in time, following, next:2.continentibus diebus,
Caes. B. C. 3, 84;and of other abstract things: motus sensui junctus et continens,
Cic. N. D. 1, 11, 26:timori perpetuo ipsum malum continens fuit,
followed at its heels, Liv. 5, 39, 8.—Holding together, cohering in itself, connected, continuous, uninterrupted.a.Prop.:b.continens agmen migrantium,
Liv. 1, 29, 4:agmen,
id. 2, 50, 7; 8, 8, 13 al.:ruinae,
id. 21, 8, 5; terra, the mainland, continent, Varr. ap. Charis. p. 100 P.; Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 274, 6; Nep. Them. 3, 2; and in the same sense far more freq. subst.: contĭnens, entis, f. (rarely masc., Curt. 4, 2, 1 Zumpt, dub.; abl. in e and i equally used;v. the 4th and 5th books of Caes. B. G.),
Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 4, 28; 4, 31; 4, 36 bis et saep.; Nep. Milt. 7, 3; Liv. 35, 43, 4; Plin. 5, 31, 34, § 128; Suet Aug. 65; id. Tib. 40 et saep.—Trop., in time, continual, consecutive, uninterrupted:B.labor omnium dierum,
Caes. B. C. 3, 63; Liv. 42, 54, 3:bella,
Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:imperium usque ad nos,
Liv. 7, 30, 8:imber per noctem totam,
id. 23, 44, 6:biduo,
Suet. Calig. 19:febres sine intermissione,
Cels. 3, 5 fin.:e continenti genere,
in continuous descent, Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 61:spiritus,
id. de Or. 3, 57, 216 et saep.: ex continenti (sc. tempore), instantly, immediately, = continuo, statim, Just. 1, 9; so,in continenti,
Dig. 44, 5, 1.—(Acc. to I. B. 2. b.) That restrains his passions, continent, moderate, temperate, enkratês (rare, but in good prose):C.continentior in vitā hominum quam in pecuniā,
Caes. B. C. 1, 23:cum reges tam sint continentes, multo magis consularis esse oportere,
Cic. Fam. 9, 19, 1:puer,
id. Att. 6, 6, 3:Epaminondas,
Nep. Epam. 3, 2 al. — Sup., Cic. Par. 1, 1, 7; Suet. Aug. 71.—(Acc. to I. B. 3.) In rhet., subst.: contĭnens, entis, n., that on which something rests or depends, the chief point, hinge:1.causae,
Cic. Part. Or. 29, 103; id. Top. 25, 95:intuendum videtur, quid sit quaestio, ratio, judicatio, continens, vel ut alii vocant, firmamentum,
Quint. 3, 11, 1; cf. id. ib. § 18 sqq.— Adv.: contĭnen-ter.(Acc. to A. 2.)a.In space, in unbroken succession, in a row. continenter sedetis, Cat. 37, 6.—More freq. and class.,b.In time, continuously, without interruption:2.totā nocte ierunt,
Caes. B. G. 1, 26:jam amplius horis sex pugnaretur,
id. ib. 3, 5:biduum lapidibus pluit,
Liv. 25, 7, 7:usque ad ipsum negotium,
Cic. Inv. 1, 26, 37:ferri imagines,
id. N. D. 1, 39, 109.—(Acc. to B.) Temperately, moderately (rare):2.vivere,
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 106; in sup.:vivere,
Aug. Ep. 199; id. Conf. 6, 12.—Hence also,contentus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B. 2. b.); medial., satisfying one's self with, contented, satisfied, content (freq. in all periods and species of composition); constr. in gen. with the abl.; more rarely absol.; after the Aug. per. very freq. with the inf.(α).With abl.: his versibus, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 264, 3:(β).suis rebus,
Cic. Par. 6, 3, 51:paucis,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 16:illā (sorte),
id. ib. 1, 1, 3:viverem uti contentus eo quod mī ipse parasset,
id. ib. 1, 4, 108; cf. Suet. Aug. 82:solā Dianā,
Verg. A. 11, 582.—Absol.:(γ).cum ipsum audires sine comparatione, non modo contentus esses, sed melius non quaereres,
Cic. Brut. 35, 134; so comp., Plaut. Poen. 2, 15.—With inf.:indagare,
Ov. M. 1, 461:edidicisse,
id. ib. 2, 638:retinere titulum provinciae,
Vell. 2, 49:hostes sustinuisse,
id. 2, 112:indicare,
Quint. 4, 2, 128:ostendere,
id. 5, 10, 31:id consequi, quod imiteris,
id. 10, 2, 7 et saep.— Adv.: contentē (ante-and post-class., and rare), in a restrained manner, closely:arte contenteque habere aliquem,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 63:parce contenteque vivere,
Pacat. Pan. Theod. 13. -
12 comprehendo
com-prehendo (zsgzg. com-prēndo), prehendī (prēndī), prehēnsum (prēnsum), ere, I) zusammenfassen, zusammenhalten = verbinden, vereinigen, a) übh.: easque ipsas (naves) malis antennisque de nave in navem traiectis ac validis funibus velut uno inter se vinculo illigatis comprendit, Liv. – v. lebl. Subjj., oras vulneris suturae comprehendunt, Cels. 7, 4. no. 3. – b) als mediz. t.t. = durch etw. binden, medicamentum melle, Scrib. 70 extr. u.a. Veget. mul. 6, 27, 1.
II) befassen, begreifen, A) eig.: 1) = umfassen, umschließen, a) übh.: vulva non maior (est), quam ut manu comprehendatur, Cels. 4, 1. p. 122, 31 D. – b) umgebend umschließen = umgeben, α) einen Körper umschließen, umschlingen, umwickeln, v. Binden u. dgl., fascia caput umeri comprehendere debet, Cels.: quā (linum) comprehendit alvum, Cels.: multae membranulae venas et arterias comprehendunt, Cels.: articuli validis nervis comprehenduntur, Cels. – filo comprehensae venae, unterbundene, Cels. – β) einen Raum umgeben, einschließen, loca vallo, Frontin. 2, 11, 7. – c) in einen Raum aufnehmend, umfassen, begreifen, α) übh.: quas (nuces integras) uno modio comprehendere possis, Varr.: ovis non comprehendatur hieme (sc. stabulis), darf man nicht überwintern lassen, Col. – v. Raume selbst, circuitus rupis XXXII stadia comprehendit, Curt. – von der Tragweite eines Geschosses, quantum impulsa valet comprendere lancea nodo, Sil. 4, 102. – u. von der Tragweite eines chirurg. Instrum. usw., si vitium in angusto est, quod comprehendere modiolus (Trepan) possit, Cels.: fascia non vulnus tantum, sed paulum utrimque eius comprehendat, Cels. – β) v. Weibe, empfangen = schwanger werden (gew. concipere, griech. συλλαμβάνεσθαι), Cels. 5, 21. § 13.
2) befassen = anfassen, erfassen, fassen, ergreifen, a) übh.: quid manibus (opus est), si nihil comprehendendum est? Cic.: c. ramos, Curt.: aures, Tibull.: supinum eum (puerum) et aversum, Cels.: alcis dextram, Val. Max.: carbonem duplici forcipe, Hier.: lanceam laevā, Curt.: sinistrā manu scrotum, Cels.: tura tribus digitis, Lact.: testam plano situ digitis, Min. Fel.: quantum manu comprehendet, Cels.: quantum tribus digitis comprehendi potest, Cels. – c. alqm faucibus (bei der Kehle), Val. Max.: alqm comā (beim H.), Dict.: guttura morsu, Lucan.: manum (Rüssel) elephantorum mordicus, Plin. – v. lebl. Subjj., α) v. Instrumenten, saepe enim forceps, cum dentem comprehendere non possit aut frustra comprehendat, os gingivae prehendit et frangit, Cels. 7, 12, 1. p. 287, 24 D. – β) v. Feuer, ignis robora comprehendit, Verg.: quae (flamma) igni alita oppidanorum sepulcra comprehendit, Curt.: incendium turres et cetera opera comprehendit, Curt. – im Passiv, opera flammā comprehensa, Hirt. b.G.: avidis comprehenditur ignibus agger, Ov.: im Zshg. ohne igni. od. flammā, comprehensa aedificia, comprehensae lautumiae et atrium regium, Liv. 26, 27. § 2 u. 3. – γ) v. Ggstdn., die Feuer fangen, hae (casae) celeriter ignem comprehenderunt, Caes.: c. longis crinibus ignem (v. einer Pers.), Verg. – im Passiv, flammā ab utroque cornu comprehensā naves sunt combustae quinque, Caes. – δ) v. Krankheit, comprehendi morbo toto corpore, Iustin.: comprendi pestiferā lue, Iustin. – ε) als t.t. der Gärtnersprache, v. Pflanzen = Wurzel fassen, bekleiben, c. terram, ICt.: absol., Col. u. Pallad. – v. Pfropfreis = einwachsen, absol., Varr. r.r. 1, 40, 6. – b) als Bittender jmds. Hand ergreifen, jmd. an der Hand fassen, comprehendunt utrumque et orant, ne etc., Caes. b.G. 5, 31, 1. – c) feindlich ergreifen, α) Pers. ergreifen, fassen, packen, festnehmen (Ggstz. dimittere, emittere), fratres Litavicci, Caes.: servos, Liv.: fures, Catull.: interfectores fugientes, Liv.: praesidium Punicum, gefangen nehmen, Liv.: hominem c. et in custodiam Ephesi tradere, Cic.: alqm e navi egressum c. et in vincula conicere, Caes.: belli duces captos et comprehensos tenere, Cic. – mit Advv., propalam Dareus comprehendi non poterat, Curt. – m. Prädikats-Acc., alqm vivum in fuga, Caes.; od. m. pro u. Abl., alqm pro moecho, Ter. – m. in u. Abl., alqm in fuga, Caes.: alqm in furto, Frontin.: alqm in furto aut in latrocinio, Cic. – mit cum u. Abl. (womit? od. mit wem?), alqm cum gladio cruento, Cic.: alqm simul cum Ismenia, Nep. – mit per u. Akk., regem per milites, Curt. – m. folg. Infin. = dabei ertappen, daß usw., qui interesse conventibus interdictis fuerint comprehensi, Cod. Theod. 16, 4, 5. – β) Tiere u. sächl. Ggstde. aufgreifen, festnehmen, wegnehmen, mit Beschlag (Arrest) belegen, raedas equosque, Caes.: vehicula, Suet.: naves duas, Nep.: epistulas, Iustin.: venenum manifesto, Cic. – m. in u. Abl. od. m. bl. Genet. od. Abl. locat., naves in flumine Vulturno, Liv.: alcis signa militaria atque arma Capuae, Caes.: m. per u. Akk., Apameae manifesto comprehensum esse... auri pondo centum paulo minus per Sex. Caesium, Cic. – m. ad u. Akk. Gerund., vehicula ad deportandum meritoria et pistrinensia iumenta, Suet. – γ) eine Örtl. besetzen, aliis comprehensis collibus, Caes. b.c. 3, 46. § 6. – δ) eine verbrecherische Handlungsweise entdecken, alcis nefandum adulterium in pulvinaribus sanctissimis nobilissimae feminae, jmd. ertappen bei usw., Cic.: res indicio alcis comprehenditur, Cic.: totius testimonii ficta audacia manifesto comprehensa (auf der Tat ertappt) atque oppressa tenetur, Cic.
B) übtr.: 1) umfassen, umschließen, a) mit Liebe, Freundschaft usw. umschließen, sich verbinden, adulescentem humanitate suā, Cic.: multos amicitiā, Cic.: totam Atinatem praefecturam omnibus officiis per se, per patrem, per maiores suos, Cic. – b) in eine od. mit einer Gestalt einschließen, spiritum (heiligen Geist) in effigiem c., Lact. 4, 8, 9: elementorum figurae humanā specie comprehensae, Lact. 2, 6, 1. – c) in eine Formel, einen Begriff usw. einschließen, mit (ein)begreifen, in hanc formulam omnia iudicia legitima, omnia officia domestica conclusa et comprehensa sint, Cic.: quae omnia senatus decretis comprehensa et comprobata sunt, Vell.: quae omnia una cum deorum notione comprehendimus, unter dem Begriff Gott mitbegreifen, Cic. – d) mit Worten od. Zahlen, begreifen, α) mit Worten u. dgl. begreifen, in Worte fassen, ausdrücken, beschreiben, m. Abl., verbis luculentioribus et pluribus rem eandem, Cic.: circumscriptione quādam verborum comprehendere concludereque sententiam, Cic.: alqd paucis verbis c., Cels.: alqd brevi c., Cic.: c. alqd dictis, Ov.: bella viginti voluminibus, Suet. – mit Advv., breviter comprehensa sententia, Cic.: breviter verbis comprehensa enuntiatio, Quint.: breviter paucis c. multa, Lucr.: propriis verbis solute et facile sententiam, Cic.: hanc partem (medicinae) pluribus voluminibus diligentissime, Cic. – ohne weitere Ang., veterum rerum memoriam, Cic.: quae (adversa) si comprendere coner etc., Ov.: quas (curationes) protinus hic comprehendam, Cels.: omnes scelerum comprendere formas possim, Verg.: unpers., ut supra comprehensum est, wie oben gesagt, Cels. – β) mit Zahlen, in der Berechnung begreifen, alqd numero, in oder mit Zahlen ausdrücken, Verg. georg. 2, 104. Ov. art. am. 2, 447: quorum numerum comprendere non est, die man nicht alle zu zählen vermöchte, Ov. trist. 5, 11, 19: cum minores summas et dissidentes computatio una comprehendit, Sen. ep. 84, 7.
2) durch sinnliche Wahrnehmung usw. begreifen, auffassen, erfassen, mit u. ohne Abl. visu, mit dem Gesichtssinn, alqd visu, Sil. 3, 404: u. (ohne visu) litterarum apices, Gell. 13, 30 (31), 10. – mit Abl. sensu od. sensibus, mit dem Sinne, mit den Sinnen, Cic. – m. Abl. memoriā, recordatione = im Gedächtnisse, in der Erinnerung festhalten, bewahren, has quinque dierum disputationes memoriā c., Cic.: hoc recordatione c., Sen. – m. Abl. animo, cogitatione, mente, scientiā = mit dem Geiste usw. erfassen, begreifen = verstehen, erkennen, animo intellegentiam alcis rei, Cic.: omnes animo virtutes penitus, Cic.: omnia quae sunt in rerum natura celeriter animo, Cic.: alqd animo c. et tenere, Cic.: animo alqd tenere comprehensum, non sensibus, Cic.: cognitum comprehensumque animis alqd habere, Cic.: habere bene cognitam voluptatem et satis firme conceptam animo atque comprehensam, Cic.: c. omma suis animis et cogitatione, Cic.: intellegere et cogitatione c., qualis sit animus, Cic.: sed quo magis (mentem ab oculis) sevoco, eo minus id, quod tu vis, possum mente comprehendere, Cic.: si quam opinionem iam vestris mentibus comprehendistis, eine Meinung gefaßt habt, Cic.: res penitus perspectae planeque cognitae scientiāque comprehensae, Cic. – mit Abl. wodurch? = woran? alqd certis signis, Col. 6, 24, 3: alqd experimentis assiduis, Pallad. 2, 13, 8. – im Zshg. ohne weitere Ang. = begreifen, verstehen, esse aliquid, quod comprehendi et percipi posset, Cic.: non posse vero comprehendi (naturam), Cels. – / Die (nach Quint. 1, 5, 21 ursprüngliche, durch Aspiration erst in comprehendo erweiterte) Form comprendo findet sich nicht bloß bei Dichtern, sondern auch in den besten Handschriften der besten Prosaiker und in pros. Inschriften (zB. comprendit, Liv. 30, 10, 5: comprensa, Caes. b.c. 3, 101, 5: comprendo, Corp. inscr. Lat. 10, 4842, 64; vgl. Osann Apul. de orthogr. p. 114. Mai Cic. de rep. 4, 5, 5. Heerw. Liv. 21, 58, 6. p. 206. Köne, die Sprache der röm. Epiker S. 234 f.
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13 comprehendo
com-prehendo (zsgzg. com-prēndo), prehendī (prēndī), prehēnsum (prēnsum), ere, I) zusammenfassen, zusammenhalten = verbinden, vereinigen, a) übh.: easque ipsas (naves) malis antennisque de nave in navem traiectis ac validis funibus velut uno inter se vinculo illigatis comprendit, Liv. – v. lebl. Subjj., oras vulneris suturae comprehendunt, Cels. 7, 4. no. 3. – b) als mediz. t.t. = durch etw. binden, medicamentum melle, Scrib. 70 extr. u.a. Veget. mul. 6, 27, 1.II) befassen, begreifen, A) eig.: 1) = umfassen, umschließen, a) übh.: vulva non maior (est), quam ut manu comprehendatur, Cels. 4, 1. p. 122, 31 D. – b) umgebend umschließen = umgeben, α) einen Körper umschließen, umschlingen, umwickeln, v. Binden u. dgl., fascia caput umeri comprehendere debet, Cels.: quā (linum) comprehendit alvum, Cels.: multae membranulae venas et arterias comprehendunt, Cels.: articuli validis nervis comprehenduntur, Cels. – filo comprehensae venae, unterbundene, Cels. – β) einen Raum umgeben, einschließen, loca vallo, Frontin. 2, 11, 7. – c) in einen Raum aufnehmend, umfassen, begreifen, α) übh.: quas (nuces integras) uno modio comprehendere possis, Varr.: ovis non comprehendatur hieme (sc. stabulis), darf man nicht überwintern lassen, Col. – v. Raume selbst, circuitus rupis XXXII————stadia comprehendit, Curt. – von der Tragweite eines Geschosses, quantum impulsa valet comprendere lancea nodo, Sil. 4, 102. – u. von der Tragweite eines chirurg. Instrum. usw., si vitium in angusto est, quod comprehendere modiolus (Trepan) possit, Cels.: fascia non vulnus tantum, sed paulum utrimque eius comprehendat, Cels. – β) v. Weibe, empfangen = schwanger werden (gew. concipere, griech. συλλαμβάνεσθαι), Cels. 5, 21. § 13.2) befassen = anfassen, erfassen, fassen, ergreifen, a) übh.: quid manibus (opus est), si nihil comprehendendum est? Cic.: c. ramos, Curt.: aures, Tibull.: supinum eum (puerum) et aversum, Cels.: alcis dextram, Val. Max.: carbonem duplici forcipe, Hier.: lanceam laevā, Curt.: sinistrā manu scrotum, Cels.: tura tribus digitis, Lact.: testam plano situ digitis, Min. Fel.: quantum manu comprehendet, Cels.: quantum tribus digitis comprehendi potest, Cels. – c. alqm faucibus (bei der Kehle), Val. Max.: alqm comā (beim H.), Dict.: guttura morsu, Lucan.: manum (Rüssel) elephantorum mordicus, Plin. – v. lebl. Subjj., α) v. Instrumenten, saepe enim forceps, cum dentem comprehendere non possit aut frustra comprehendat, os gingivae prehendit et frangit, Cels. 7, 12, 1. p. 287, 24 D. – β) v. Feuer, ignis robora comprehendit, Verg.: quae (flamma) igni alita oppidanorum sepulcra comprehendit, Curt.: incendium turres et ce-————tera opera comprehendit, Curt. – im Passiv, opera flammā comprehensa, Hirt. b.G.: avidis comprehenditur ignibus agger, Ov.: im Zshg. ohne igni. od. flammā, comprehensa aedificia, comprehensae lautumiae et atrium regium, Liv. 26, 27. § 2 u. 3. – γ) v. Ggstdn., die Feuer fangen, hae (casae) celeriter ignem comprehenderunt, Caes.: c. longis crinibus ignem (v. einer Pers.), Verg. – im Passiv, flammā ab utroque cornu comprehensā naves sunt combustae quinque, Caes. – δ) v. Krankheit, comprehendi morbo toto corpore, Iustin.: comprendi pestiferā lue, Iustin. – ε) als t.t. der Gärtnersprache, v. Pflanzen = Wurzel fassen, bekleiben, c. terram, ICt.: absol., Col. u. Pallad. – v. Pfropfreis = einwachsen, absol., Varr. r.r. 1, 40, 6. – b) als Bittender jmds. Hand ergreifen, jmd. an der Hand fassen, comprehendunt utrumque et orant, ne etc., Caes. b.G. 5, 31, 1. – c) feindlich ergreifen, α) Pers. ergreifen, fassen, packen, festnehmen (Ggstz. dimittere, emittere), fratres Litavicci, Caes.: servos, Liv.: fures, Catull.: interfectores fugientes, Liv.: praesidium Punicum, gefangen nehmen, Liv.: hominem c. et in custodiam Ephesi tradere, Cic.: alqm e navi egressum c. et in vincula conicere, Caes.: belli duces captos et comprehensos tenere, Cic. – mit Advv., propalam Dareus comprehendi non poterat, Curt. – m. Prädikats-Acc., alqm vivum in fuga, Caes.; od. m. pro u. Abl., alqm pro moecho,————Ter. – m. in u. Abl., alqm in fuga, Caes.: alqm in furto, Frontin.: alqm in furto aut in latrocinio, Cic. – mit cum u. Abl. (womit? od. mit wem?), alqm cum gladio cruento, Cic.: alqm simul cum Ismenia, Nep. – mit per u. Akk., regem per milites, Curt. – m. folg. Infin. = dabei ertappen, daß usw., qui interesse conventibus interdictis fuerint comprehensi, Cod. Theod. 16, 4, 5. – β) Tiere u. sächl. Ggstde. aufgreifen, festnehmen, wegnehmen, mit Beschlag (Arrest) belegen, raedas equosque, Caes.: vehicula, Suet.: naves duas, Nep.: epistulas, Iustin.: venenum manifesto, Cic. – m. in u. Abl. od. m. bl. Genet. od. Abl. locat., naves in flumine Vulturno, Liv.: alcis signa militaria atque arma Capuae, Caes.: m. per u. Akk., Apameae manifesto comprehensum esse... auri pondo centum paulo minus per Sex. Caesium, Cic. – m. ad u. Akk. Gerund., vehicula ad deportandum meritoria et pistrinensia iumenta, Suet. – γ) eine Örtl. besetzen, aliis comprehensis collibus, Caes. b.c. 3, 46. § 6. – δ) eine verbrecherische Handlungsweise entdecken, alcis nefandum adulterium in pulvinaribus sanctissimis nobilissimae feminae, jmd. ertappen bei usw., Cic.: res indicio alcis comprehenditur, Cic.: totius testimonii ficta audacia manifesto comprehensa (auf der Tat ertappt) atque oppressa tenetur, Cic.B) übtr.: 1) umfassen, umschließen, a) mit Liebe, Freundschaft usw. umschließen, sich verbinden, ad-————ulescentem humanitate suā, Cic.: multos amicitiā, Cic.: totam Atinatem praefecturam omnibus officiis per se, per patrem, per maiores suos, Cic. – b) in eine od. mit einer Gestalt einschließen, spiritum (heiligen Geist) in effigiem c., Lact. 4, 8, 9: elementorum figurae humanā specie comprehensae, Lact. 2, 6, 1. – c) in eine Formel, einen Begriff usw. einschließen, mit (ein)begreifen, in hanc formulam omnia iudicia legitima, omnia officia domestica conclusa et comprehensa sint, Cic.: quae omnia senatus decretis comprehensa et comprobata sunt, Vell.: quae omnia una cum deorum notione comprehendimus, unter dem Begriff Gott mitbegreifen, Cic. – d) mit Worten od. Zahlen, begreifen, α) mit Worten u. dgl. begreifen, in Worte fassen, ausdrücken, beschreiben, m. Abl., verbis luculentioribus et pluribus rem eandem, Cic.: circumscriptione quādam verborum comprehendere concludereque sententiam, Cic.: alqd paucis verbis c., Cels.: alqd brevi c., Cic.: c. alqd dictis, Ov.: bella viginti voluminibus, Suet. – mit Advv., breviter comprehensa sententia, Cic.: breviter verbis comprehensa enuntiatio, Quint.: breviter paucis c. multa, Lucr.: propriis verbis solute et facile sententiam, Cic.: hanc partem (medicinae) pluribus voluminibus diligentissime, Cic. – ohne weitere Ang., veterum rerum memoriam, Cic.: quae (adversa) si comprendere coner etc., Ov.: quas (curationes) protinus hic comprehendam, Cels.:————omnes scelerum comprendere formas possim, Verg.: unpers., ut supra comprehensum est, wie oben gesagt, Cels. – β) mit Zahlen, in der Berechnung begreifen, alqd numero, in oder mit Zahlen ausdrücken, Verg. georg. 2, 104. Ov. art. am. 2, 447: quorum numerum comprendere non est, die man nicht alle zu zählen vermöchte, Ov. trist. 5, 11, 19: cum minores summas et dissidentes computatio una comprehendit, Sen. ep. 84, 7.2) durch sinnliche Wahrnehmung usw. begreifen, auffassen, erfassen, mit u. ohne Abl. visu, mit dem Gesichtssinn, alqd visu, Sil. 3, 404: u. (ohne visu) litterarum apices, Gell. 13, 30 (31), 10. – mit Abl. sensu od. sensibus, mit dem Sinne, mit den Sinnen, Cic. – m. Abl. memoriā, recordatione = im Gedächtnisse, in der Erinnerung festhalten, bewahren, has quinque dierum disputationes memoriā c., Cic.: hoc recordatione c., Sen. – m. Abl. animo, cogitatione, mente, scientiā = mit dem Geiste usw. erfassen, begreifen = verstehen, erkennen, animo intellegentiam alcis rei, Cic.: omnes animo virtutes penitus, Cic.: omnia quae sunt in rerum natura celeriter animo, Cic.: alqd animo c. et tenere, Cic.: animo alqd tenere comprehensum, non sensibus, Cic.: cognitum comprehensumque animis alqd habere, Cic.: habere bene cognitam voluptatem et satis firme conceptam animo atque comprehensam, Cic.: c. omma suis animis et cogita-————tione, Cic.: intellegere et cogitatione c., qualis sit animus, Cic.: sed quo magis (mentem ab oculis) sevoco, eo minus id, quod tu vis, possum mente comprehendere, Cic.: si quam opinionem iam vestris mentibus comprehendistis, eine Meinung gefaßt habt, Cic.: res penitus perspectae planeque cognitae scientiāque comprehensae, Cic. – mit Abl. wodurch? = woran? alqd certis signis, Col. 6, 24, 3: alqd experimentis assiduis, Pallad. 2, 13, 8. – im Zshg. ohne weitere Ang. = begreifen, verstehen, esse aliquid, quod comprehendi et percipi posset, Cic.: non posse vero comprehendi (naturam), Cels. – ⇒ Die (nach Quint. 1, 5, 21 ursprüngliche, durch Aspiration erst in comprehendo erweiterte) Form comprendo findet sich nicht bloß bei Dichtern, sondern auch in den besten Handschriften der besten Prosaiker und in pros. Inschriften (zB. comprendit, Liv. 30, 10, 5: comprensa, Caes. b.c. 3, 101, 5: comprendo, Corp. inscr. Lat. 10, 4842, 64; vgl. Osann Apul. de orthogr. p. 114. Mai Cic. de rep. 4, 5, 5. Heerw. Liv. 21, 58, 6. p. 206. Köne, die Sprache der röm. Epiker S. 234 f.Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > comprehendo
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14 compraehendo
com-prĕhendo ( conp-; also com-prendo, very freq. in MSS. and edd.; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 21. In MSS. also comprae-hendo and compraendo, v. prehendo), di, sum, 3, v. a., to lay hold of something on all sides; to take or catch hold of, seize, grasp, apprehend; to comprehend, comprise (class. in prose and poetry).I.Prop.A.In gen.:B.quid (opus est) manibus, si nihil comprehendendum est?
Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 92:(vulva) non multo major quam ut manu comprehendatur,
Cels. 4, 1 fin.:cum (forfex) dentem comprehendere non possit,
id. 7, 12, 1:mordicus manum eorum (elephantorum),
Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 46:morsu guttura,
Luc. 4, 727:nuces modio,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:naves,
to join one to another, fasten together, Liv. 30, 10, 5; cf.:oras vulneris suturae comprehendunt,
Cels. 7, 4, 3:comprehendunt utrumque et orant,
Caes. B. G. 5, 31:ter frustra comprensa manus effugit imago,
Verg. A. 2, 794; cf.aures,
Tib. 2, 5, 92:nisi quae validissima (ovis), non comprehendatur (sc. stabulis) hieme,
let none but the strongest be kept in the winter, Col. 7, 3, 15 Schneid.:naves in flumine Vulturno comprehensae,
assembled together, put under an embargo, Liv. 26, 7, 9; so id. 29, 24, 9; Suet. Tib. 38; id. Calig. 39:ignem,
to take, catch, Caes. B. G. 5, 43;and in a reverse constr.: ignis robora comprendit,
Verg. G. 2, 305; cf.:opera flammā comprehensa,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 43; and:avidis comprenditur ignibus agger,
Ov. M. 9, 234:loca vallo,
Front. 2, 11, 7; and absol.:comprehensa aedificia,
Liv. 26, 27, 3.—In partic.1.To attack, seize upon in a hostile manner, to seize, lay hold of, arrest, catch, apprehend:* b.aliquem pro moecho Comprehendere et constringere,
Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 23; 5, 1, 20:tam capitalem hostem,
Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:hominem,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 14:nefarios duces,
id. Cat. 3, 7, 16:Virginium,
Liv. 3, 48, 6; cf. id. 1, 41, 1:praesidium Punicum,
id. 26, 14, 7:hunc comprehenderant atque in vincula conjecerant,
Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 5, 25:in fugā,
id. ib. 5, 21.—Rarely of disease:comprehensus morbo,
Just. 23, 2, 4; cf.:comprehensi pestiferā lue,
id. 32, 3, 9.—Of places, to occupy, seize upon:aliis comprehensis collibus munitiones perfecerunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 46 fin. —Of things, to intercept' -epistulas, Just. 20, 5, 12.—2.To seize upon one, to apprehend him in any crime:b.fures,
Cat. 62, 35.—With inf.: qui interesse concentibus interdictis fuerint comprehensi, Cod. Th. 16, 4, 5.—Hence,Transf. to the crime:3.nefandum adulterium,
to discover, detect it, Cic. Mil. 27, 72:res ejus indicio,
id. Clu. 16, 47.—Of plants, to take root; of a graft:4.cum comprehendit (surculus),
Varr. R. R. 1, 40 fin.; so,in gen.,
Col. 3, 5, 1; 5, 6, 18; Pall. Jan. 13, 5.—Of women, to conceive, become pregnant, = concipere:5.si mulier non comprehendit, etc.,
Cels. 5, 21 fin. —Of a space, to contain, comprise, comprehend, include:6.ut nuces integras, quas uno modio comprehendere possis,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:circuitus ejus triginta et duo stadia comprehendit,
Curt. 6, 6, 24. —In late medic. lang., of medicines, to combine:7.aliquid melle,
Veg. Art. Vet. 6, 27, 1; Scrib. Comp. 88; 227 al.—Of the range of a missile:8.quantum impulsa valet comprehendere lancea nodo,
Sil. 4, 102.—Of the reach of a surgical instrument:II.si vitium in angusto est, quod comprehendere modiolus possit,
Cels. 8, 3 init. —Trop.A.To comprehend by the sense of sight, to perceive, observe, see (very rare):B.aliquid visu,
Sil. 3, 408;and without visu: comprehendere vix litterarum apices,
Gell. 13, 30, 10.—To comprehend something intellectually, to receive into one's mind, to grasp, perceive, comprehend; with abl.: si quam opinionem jam mentibus vestris comprehendistis: si eam ratio convellet, si oratio labefactabit, etc., if any opinion has already taken root in your mind (the figure taken from the rooting of plants; v. supra, I. B. 3.), Cic. Clu. 2, 6:C.omnes animo virtutes,
id. Balb. 1, 3; id. N. D. 3, 25, 64:animo haec tenemus comprehensa, non sensibus,
id. Ac. 2, 7, 21 sq.:omnia animis et cogitatione,
id. Fl. 27, 66; cf. id. de Or. 2, 31, 136:aliquid mente,
id. N. D. 3, 8, 21:aliquid memoriā,
id. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:qualis animus sit vacans corpore, intellegere et cogitatione comprehendere,
id. ib. 1, 22, 50:aliquid certis signis,
Col. 6, 24, 3:aliquid experimentis assiduis,
Pall. 2, 13, 8.—Without abl.:esse aliquid, quod conprehendi et percipi posset,
Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 17; 2, 6, 18:virtutum cognitio confirmat percipi et conprehendi multa posse,
id. ib. 2, 8, 23; 1, 11, 42.—To comprehend or include in words; to comprise in discourse or in writing, to express, describe, recount, narrate, etc.:2.breviter paucis comprendere multa,
Lucr. 6, 1082; cf.:breviter comprehensa sententia,
Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 20; Quint. 9, 3, 91:comprehendam brevi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 34:perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia conclusa et comprehensa sint,
id. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:(Cato) verbis luculentioribus et pluribus rem eandem comprehenderat,
id. Att. 12, 21, 1:ipsa natura circumscriptione quādam verborum comprehendit concluditque sententiam,
id. Brut. 8, 34:in eā (terrā) enim et lapis et harena et cetera ejus generis sunt in nominando comprehensa,
Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 1:emplastra quoque, quae supra comprehensa sunt,
Cels. 5, 27, 3; so absol.:ad veterum rerum nostrarum memoriam comprehendendam impulsi sumus,
Cic. Brut. 5, 19:aliquid dictis,
Ov. M. 13, 160:quae si comprendere coner,
id. Tr. 5, 2, 27. —Poet.: aliquid numero, to number, enumerate:D.neque enim numero comprendere refert,
Verg. G. 2, 104; Ov. A. A. 2, 447; cf.:numerum quorum comprendere non est,
id. Tr. 5, 11, 19.—To comprehend any one in affection, to bind to one's self, to put under obligation, to embrace with kindness (rare;E.mostly in Cic.): multos amicitiā, tueri obsequio, etc.,
to have many friends, Cic. Cael. 6, 13:adulescentem humanitate tuā,
id. Fam. 13, 15, 3:quod omnibus officiis per se, per patrem, per majores suos totam Atinatem praefecturam comprehenderit,
id. Planc. 19. 47.—To shut in, include (late Lat.):spiritum in effigiem,
Lact. 4, 8, 9:elementorum figurae humanā specie comprehensae,
id. 2, 6, 1. -
15 compraendo
com-prĕhendo ( conp-; also com-prendo, very freq. in MSS. and edd.; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 21. In MSS. also comprae-hendo and compraendo, v. prehendo), di, sum, 3, v. a., to lay hold of something on all sides; to take or catch hold of, seize, grasp, apprehend; to comprehend, comprise (class. in prose and poetry).I.Prop.A.In gen.:B.quid (opus est) manibus, si nihil comprehendendum est?
Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 92:(vulva) non multo major quam ut manu comprehendatur,
Cels. 4, 1 fin.:cum (forfex) dentem comprehendere non possit,
id. 7, 12, 1:mordicus manum eorum (elephantorum),
Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 46:morsu guttura,
Luc. 4, 727:nuces modio,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:naves,
to join one to another, fasten together, Liv. 30, 10, 5; cf.:oras vulneris suturae comprehendunt,
Cels. 7, 4, 3:comprehendunt utrumque et orant,
Caes. B. G. 5, 31:ter frustra comprensa manus effugit imago,
Verg. A. 2, 794; cf.aures,
Tib. 2, 5, 92:nisi quae validissima (ovis), non comprehendatur (sc. stabulis) hieme,
let none but the strongest be kept in the winter, Col. 7, 3, 15 Schneid.:naves in flumine Vulturno comprehensae,
assembled together, put under an embargo, Liv. 26, 7, 9; so id. 29, 24, 9; Suet. Tib. 38; id. Calig. 39:ignem,
to take, catch, Caes. B. G. 5, 43;and in a reverse constr.: ignis robora comprendit,
Verg. G. 2, 305; cf.:opera flammā comprehensa,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 43; and:avidis comprenditur ignibus agger,
Ov. M. 9, 234:loca vallo,
Front. 2, 11, 7; and absol.:comprehensa aedificia,
Liv. 26, 27, 3.—In partic.1.To attack, seize upon in a hostile manner, to seize, lay hold of, arrest, catch, apprehend:* b.aliquem pro moecho Comprehendere et constringere,
Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 23; 5, 1, 20:tam capitalem hostem,
Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:hominem,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 14:nefarios duces,
id. Cat. 3, 7, 16:Virginium,
Liv. 3, 48, 6; cf. id. 1, 41, 1:praesidium Punicum,
id. 26, 14, 7:hunc comprehenderant atque in vincula conjecerant,
Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 5, 25:in fugā,
id. ib. 5, 21.—Rarely of disease:comprehensus morbo,
Just. 23, 2, 4; cf.:comprehensi pestiferā lue,
id. 32, 3, 9.—Of places, to occupy, seize upon:aliis comprehensis collibus munitiones perfecerunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 46 fin. —Of things, to intercept' -epistulas, Just. 20, 5, 12.—2.To seize upon one, to apprehend him in any crime:b.fures,
Cat. 62, 35.—With inf.: qui interesse concentibus interdictis fuerint comprehensi, Cod. Th. 16, 4, 5.—Hence,Transf. to the crime:3.nefandum adulterium,
to discover, detect it, Cic. Mil. 27, 72:res ejus indicio,
id. Clu. 16, 47.—Of plants, to take root; of a graft:4.cum comprehendit (surculus),
Varr. R. R. 1, 40 fin.; so,in gen.,
Col. 3, 5, 1; 5, 6, 18; Pall. Jan. 13, 5.—Of women, to conceive, become pregnant, = concipere:5.si mulier non comprehendit, etc.,
Cels. 5, 21 fin. —Of a space, to contain, comprise, comprehend, include:6.ut nuces integras, quas uno modio comprehendere possis,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:circuitus ejus triginta et duo stadia comprehendit,
Curt. 6, 6, 24. —In late medic. lang., of medicines, to combine:7.aliquid melle,
Veg. Art. Vet. 6, 27, 1; Scrib. Comp. 88; 227 al.—Of the range of a missile:8.quantum impulsa valet comprehendere lancea nodo,
Sil. 4, 102.—Of the reach of a surgical instrument:II.si vitium in angusto est, quod comprehendere modiolus possit,
Cels. 8, 3 init. —Trop.A.To comprehend by the sense of sight, to perceive, observe, see (very rare):B.aliquid visu,
Sil. 3, 408;and without visu: comprehendere vix litterarum apices,
Gell. 13, 30, 10.—To comprehend something intellectually, to receive into one's mind, to grasp, perceive, comprehend; with abl.: si quam opinionem jam mentibus vestris comprehendistis: si eam ratio convellet, si oratio labefactabit, etc., if any opinion has already taken root in your mind (the figure taken from the rooting of plants; v. supra, I. B. 3.), Cic. Clu. 2, 6:C.omnes animo virtutes,
id. Balb. 1, 3; id. N. D. 3, 25, 64:animo haec tenemus comprehensa, non sensibus,
id. Ac. 2, 7, 21 sq.:omnia animis et cogitatione,
id. Fl. 27, 66; cf. id. de Or. 2, 31, 136:aliquid mente,
id. N. D. 3, 8, 21:aliquid memoriā,
id. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:qualis animus sit vacans corpore, intellegere et cogitatione comprehendere,
id. ib. 1, 22, 50:aliquid certis signis,
Col. 6, 24, 3:aliquid experimentis assiduis,
Pall. 2, 13, 8.—Without abl.:esse aliquid, quod conprehendi et percipi posset,
Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 17; 2, 6, 18:virtutum cognitio confirmat percipi et conprehendi multa posse,
id. ib. 2, 8, 23; 1, 11, 42.—To comprehend or include in words; to comprise in discourse or in writing, to express, describe, recount, narrate, etc.:2.breviter paucis comprendere multa,
Lucr. 6, 1082; cf.:breviter comprehensa sententia,
Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 20; Quint. 9, 3, 91:comprehendam brevi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 34:perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia conclusa et comprehensa sint,
id. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:(Cato) verbis luculentioribus et pluribus rem eandem comprehenderat,
id. Att. 12, 21, 1:ipsa natura circumscriptione quādam verborum comprehendit concluditque sententiam,
id. Brut. 8, 34:in eā (terrā) enim et lapis et harena et cetera ejus generis sunt in nominando comprehensa,
Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 1:emplastra quoque, quae supra comprehensa sunt,
Cels. 5, 27, 3; so absol.:ad veterum rerum nostrarum memoriam comprehendendam impulsi sumus,
Cic. Brut. 5, 19:aliquid dictis,
Ov. M. 13, 160:quae si comprendere coner,
id. Tr. 5, 2, 27. —Poet.: aliquid numero, to number, enumerate:D.neque enim numero comprendere refert,
Verg. G. 2, 104; Ov. A. A. 2, 447; cf.:numerum quorum comprendere non est,
id. Tr. 5, 11, 19.—To comprehend any one in affection, to bind to one's self, to put under obligation, to embrace with kindness (rare;E.mostly in Cic.): multos amicitiā, tueri obsequio, etc.,
to have many friends, Cic. Cael. 6, 13:adulescentem humanitate tuā,
id. Fam. 13, 15, 3:quod omnibus officiis per se, per patrem, per majores suos totam Atinatem praefecturam comprehenderit,
id. Planc. 19. 47.—To shut in, include (late Lat.):spiritum in effigiem,
Lact. 4, 8, 9:elementorum figurae humanā specie comprehensae,
id. 2, 6, 1. -
16 comprehendo
com-prĕhendo ( conp-; also com-prendo, very freq. in MSS. and edd.; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 21. In MSS. also comprae-hendo and compraendo, v. prehendo), di, sum, 3, v. a., to lay hold of something on all sides; to take or catch hold of, seize, grasp, apprehend; to comprehend, comprise (class. in prose and poetry).I.Prop.A.In gen.:B.quid (opus est) manibus, si nihil comprehendendum est?
Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 92:(vulva) non multo major quam ut manu comprehendatur,
Cels. 4, 1 fin.:cum (forfex) dentem comprehendere non possit,
id. 7, 12, 1:mordicus manum eorum (elephantorum),
Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 46:morsu guttura,
Luc. 4, 727:nuces modio,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:naves,
to join one to another, fasten together, Liv. 30, 10, 5; cf.:oras vulneris suturae comprehendunt,
Cels. 7, 4, 3:comprehendunt utrumque et orant,
Caes. B. G. 5, 31:ter frustra comprensa manus effugit imago,
Verg. A. 2, 794; cf.aures,
Tib. 2, 5, 92:nisi quae validissima (ovis), non comprehendatur (sc. stabulis) hieme,
let none but the strongest be kept in the winter, Col. 7, 3, 15 Schneid.:naves in flumine Vulturno comprehensae,
assembled together, put under an embargo, Liv. 26, 7, 9; so id. 29, 24, 9; Suet. Tib. 38; id. Calig. 39:ignem,
to take, catch, Caes. B. G. 5, 43;and in a reverse constr.: ignis robora comprendit,
Verg. G. 2, 305; cf.:opera flammā comprehensa,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 43; and:avidis comprenditur ignibus agger,
Ov. M. 9, 234:loca vallo,
Front. 2, 11, 7; and absol.:comprehensa aedificia,
Liv. 26, 27, 3.—In partic.1.To attack, seize upon in a hostile manner, to seize, lay hold of, arrest, catch, apprehend:* b.aliquem pro moecho Comprehendere et constringere,
Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 23; 5, 1, 20:tam capitalem hostem,
Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:hominem,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 14:nefarios duces,
id. Cat. 3, 7, 16:Virginium,
Liv. 3, 48, 6; cf. id. 1, 41, 1:praesidium Punicum,
id. 26, 14, 7:hunc comprehenderant atque in vincula conjecerant,
Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 5, 25:in fugā,
id. ib. 5, 21.—Rarely of disease:comprehensus morbo,
Just. 23, 2, 4; cf.:comprehensi pestiferā lue,
id. 32, 3, 9.—Of places, to occupy, seize upon:aliis comprehensis collibus munitiones perfecerunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 46 fin. —Of things, to intercept' -epistulas, Just. 20, 5, 12.—2.To seize upon one, to apprehend him in any crime:b.fures,
Cat. 62, 35.—With inf.: qui interesse concentibus interdictis fuerint comprehensi, Cod. Th. 16, 4, 5.—Hence,Transf. to the crime:3.nefandum adulterium,
to discover, detect it, Cic. Mil. 27, 72:res ejus indicio,
id. Clu. 16, 47.—Of plants, to take root; of a graft:4.cum comprehendit (surculus),
Varr. R. R. 1, 40 fin.; so,in gen.,
Col. 3, 5, 1; 5, 6, 18; Pall. Jan. 13, 5.—Of women, to conceive, become pregnant, = concipere:5.si mulier non comprehendit, etc.,
Cels. 5, 21 fin. —Of a space, to contain, comprise, comprehend, include:6.ut nuces integras, quas uno modio comprehendere possis,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:circuitus ejus triginta et duo stadia comprehendit,
Curt. 6, 6, 24. —In late medic. lang., of medicines, to combine:7.aliquid melle,
Veg. Art. Vet. 6, 27, 1; Scrib. Comp. 88; 227 al.—Of the range of a missile:8.quantum impulsa valet comprehendere lancea nodo,
Sil. 4, 102.—Of the reach of a surgical instrument:II.si vitium in angusto est, quod comprehendere modiolus possit,
Cels. 8, 3 init. —Trop.A.To comprehend by the sense of sight, to perceive, observe, see (very rare):B.aliquid visu,
Sil. 3, 408;and without visu: comprehendere vix litterarum apices,
Gell. 13, 30, 10.—To comprehend something intellectually, to receive into one's mind, to grasp, perceive, comprehend; with abl.: si quam opinionem jam mentibus vestris comprehendistis: si eam ratio convellet, si oratio labefactabit, etc., if any opinion has already taken root in your mind (the figure taken from the rooting of plants; v. supra, I. B. 3.), Cic. Clu. 2, 6:C.omnes animo virtutes,
id. Balb. 1, 3; id. N. D. 3, 25, 64:animo haec tenemus comprehensa, non sensibus,
id. Ac. 2, 7, 21 sq.:omnia animis et cogitatione,
id. Fl. 27, 66; cf. id. de Or. 2, 31, 136:aliquid mente,
id. N. D. 3, 8, 21:aliquid memoriā,
id. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:qualis animus sit vacans corpore, intellegere et cogitatione comprehendere,
id. ib. 1, 22, 50:aliquid certis signis,
Col. 6, 24, 3:aliquid experimentis assiduis,
Pall. 2, 13, 8.—Without abl.:esse aliquid, quod conprehendi et percipi posset,
Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 17; 2, 6, 18:virtutum cognitio confirmat percipi et conprehendi multa posse,
id. ib. 2, 8, 23; 1, 11, 42.—To comprehend or include in words; to comprise in discourse or in writing, to express, describe, recount, narrate, etc.:2.breviter paucis comprendere multa,
Lucr. 6, 1082; cf.:breviter comprehensa sententia,
Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 20; Quint. 9, 3, 91:comprehendam brevi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 34:perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia conclusa et comprehensa sint,
id. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:(Cato) verbis luculentioribus et pluribus rem eandem comprehenderat,
id. Att. 12, 21, 1:ipsa natura circumscriptione quādam verborum comprehendit concluditque sententiam,
id. Brut. 8, 34:in eā (terrā) enim et lapis et harena et cetera ejus generis sunt in nominando comprehensa,
Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 1:emplastra quoque, quae supra comprehensa sunt,
Cels. 5, 27, 3; so absol.:ad veterum rerum nostrarum memoriam comprehendendam impulsi sumus,
Cic. Brut. 5, 19:aliquid dictis,
Ov. M. 13, 160:quae si comprendere coner,
id. Tr. 5, 2, 27. —Poet.: aliquid numero, to number, enumerate:D.neque enim numero comprendere refert,
Verg. G. 2, 104; Ov. A. A. 2, 447; cf.:numerum quorum comprendere non est,
id. Tr. 5, 11, 19.—To comprehend any one in affection, to bind to one's self, to put under obligation, to embrace with kindness (rare;E.mostly in Cic.): multos amicitiā, tueri obsequio, etc.,
to have many friends, Cic. Cael. 6, 13:adulescentem humanitate tuā,
id. Fam. 13, 15, 3:quod omnibus officiis per se, per patrem, per majores suos totam Atinatem praefecturam comprehenderit,
id. Planc. 19. 47.—To shut in, include (late Lat.):spiritum in effigiem,
Lact. 4, 8, 9:elementorum figurae humanā specie comprehensae,
id. 2, 6, 1. -
17 conprehendo
com-prĕhendo ( conp-; also com-prendo, very freq. in MSS. and edd.; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 21. In MSS. also comprae-hendo and compraendo, v. prehendo), di, sum, 3, v. a., to lay hold of something on all sides; to take or catch hold of, seize, grasp, apprehend; to comprehend, comprise (class. in prose and poetry).I.Prop.A.In gen.:B.quid (opus est) manibus, si nihil comprehendendum est?
Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 92:(vulva) non multo major quam ut manu comprehendatur,
Cels. 4, 1 fin.:cum (forfex) dentem comprehendere non possit,
id. 7, 12, 1:mordicus manum eorum (elephantorum),
Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 46:morsu guttura,
Luc. 4, 727:nuces modio,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:naves,
to join one to another, fasten together, Liv. 30, 10, 5; cf.:oras vulneris suturae comprehendunt,
Cels. 7, 4, 3:comprehendunt utrumque et orant,
Caes. B. G. 5, 31:ter frustra comprensa manus effugit imago,
Verg. A. 2, 794; cf.aures,
Tib. 2, 5, 92:nisi quae validissima (ovis), non comprehendatur (sc. stabulis) hieme,
let none but the strongest be kept in the winter, Col. 7, 3, 15 Schneid.:naves in flumine Vulturno comprehensae,
assembled together, put under an embargo, Liv. 26, 7, 9; so id. 29, 24, 9; Suet. Tib. 38; id. Calig. 39:ignem,
to take, catch, Caes. B. G. 5, 43;and in a reverse constr.: ignis robora comprendit,
Verg. G. 2, 305; cf.:opera flammā comprehensa,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 43; and:avidis comprenditur ignibus agger,
Ov. M. 9, 234:loca vallo,
Front. 2, 11, 7; and absol.:comprehensa aedificia,
Liv. 26, 27, 3.—In partic.1.To attack, seize upon in a hostile manner, to seize, lay hold of, arrest, catch, apprehend:* b.aliquem pro moecho Comprehendere et constringere,
Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 23; 5, 1, 20:tam capitalem hostem,
Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:hominem,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 14:nefarios duces,
id. Cat. 3, 7, 16:Virginium,
Liv. 3, 48, 6; cf. id. 1, 41, 1:praesidium Punicum,
id. 26, 14, 7:hunc comprehenderant atque in vincula conjecerant,
Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 5, 25:in fugā,
id. ib. 5, 21.—Rarely of disease:comprehensus morbo,
Just. 23, 2, 4; cf.:comprehensi pestiferā lue,
id. 32, 3, 9.—Of places, to occupy, seize upon:aliis comprehensis collibus munitiones perfecerunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 46 fin. —Of things, to intercept' -epistulas, Just. 20, 5, 12.—2.To seize upon one, to apprehend him in any crime:b.fures,
Cat. 62, 35.—With inf.: qui interesse concentibus interdictis fuerint comprehensi, Cod. Th. 16, 4, 5.—Hence,Transf. to the crime:3.nefandum adulterium,
to discover, detect it, Cic. Mil. 27, 72:res ejus indicio,
id. Clu. 16, 47.—Of plants, to take root; of a graft:4.cum comprehendit (surculus),
Varr. R. R. 1, 40 fin.; so,in gen.,
Col. 3, 5, 1; 5, 6, 18; Pall. Jan. 13, 5.—Of women, to conceive, become pregnant, = concipere:5.si mulier non comprehendit, etc.,
Cels. 5, 21 fin. —Of a space, to contain, comprise, comprehend, include:6.ut nuces integras, quas uno modio comprehendere possis,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:circuitus ejus triginta et duo stadia comprehendit,
Curt. 6, 6, 24. —In late medic. lang., of medicines, to combine:7.aliquid melle,
Veg. Art. Vet. 6, 27, 1; Scrib. Comp. 88; 227 al.—Of the range of a missile:8.quantum impulsa valet comprehendere lancea nodo,
Sil. 4, 102.—Of the reach of a surgical instrument:II.si vitium in angusto est, quod comprehendere modiolus possit,
Cels. 8, 3 init. —Trop.A.To comprehend by the sense of sight, to perceive, observe, see (very rare):B.aliquid visu,
Sil. 3, 408;and without visu: comprehendere vix litterarum apices,
Gell. 13, 30, 10.—To comprehend something intellectually, to receive into one's mind, to grasp, perceive, comprehend; with abl.: si quam opinionem jam mentibus vestris comprehendistis: si eam ratio convellet, si oratio labefactabit, etc., if any opinion has already taken root in your mind (the figure taken from the rooting of plants; v. supra, I. B. 3.), Cic. Clu. 2, 6:C.omnes animo virtutes,
id. Balb. 1, 3; id. N. D. 3, 25, 64:animo haec tenemus comprehensa, non sensibus,
id. Ac. 2, 7, 21 sq.:omnia animis et cogitatione,
id. Fl. 27, 66; cf. id. de Or. 2, 31, 136:aliquid mente,
id. N. D. 3, 8, 21:aliquid memoriā,
id. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:qualis animus sit vacans corpore, intellegere et cogitatione comprehendere,
id. ib. 1, 22, 50:aliquid certis signis,
Col. 6, 24, 3:aliquid experimentis assiduis,
Pall. 2, 13, 8.—Without abl.:esse aliquid, quod conprehendi et percipi posset,
Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 17; 2, 6, 18:virtutum cognitio confirmat percipi et conprehendi multa posse,
id. ib. 2, 8, 23; 1, 11, 42.—To comprehend or include in words; to comprise in discourse or in writing, to express, describe, recount, narrate, etc.:2.breviter paucis comprendere multa,
Lucr. 6, 1082; cf.:breviter comprehensa sententia,
Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 20; Quint. 9, 3, 91:comprehendam brevi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 34:perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia conclusa et comprehensa sint,
id. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:(Cato) verbis luculentioribus et pluribus rem eandem comprehenderat,
id. Att. 12, 21, 1:ipsa natura circumscriptione quādam verborum comprehendit concluditque sententiam,
id. Brut. 8, 34:in eā (terrā) enim et lapis et harena et cetera ejus generis sunt in nominando comprehensa,
Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 1:emplastra quoque, quae supra comprehensa sunt,
Cels. 5, 27, 3; so absol.:ad veterum rerum nostrarum memoriam comprehendendam impulsi sumus,
Cic. Brut. 5, 19:aliquid dictis,
Ov. M. 13, 160:quae si comprendere coner,
id. Tr. 5, 2, 27. —Poet.: aliquid numero, to number, enumerate:D.neque enim numero comprendere refert,
Verg. G. 2, 104; Ov. A. A. 2, 447; cf.:numerum quorum comprendere non est,
id. Tr. 5, 11, 19.—To comprehend any one in affection, to bind to one's self, to put under obligation, to embrace with kindness (rare;E.mostly in Cic.): multos amicitiā, tueri obsequio, etc.,
to have many friends, Cic. Cael. 6, 13:adulescentem humanitate tuā,
id. Fam. 13, 15, 3:quod omnibus officiis per se, per patrem, per majores suos totam Atinatem praefecturam comprehenderit,
id. Planc. 19. 47.—To shut in, include (late Lat.):spiritum in effigiem,
Lact. 4, 8, 9:elementorum figurae humanā specie comprehensae,
id. 2, 6, 1. -
18 acer [2]
2. ācer, cris, cre (verwandt mit aceo, acies, griech. ἄκρος, spitz u. ἀκίς, Spitze, deutsch Achel), Adj. m. Compar. u. Superl., scharf, schneidend, I) eig., von empfindlich treffenden Werkzeugen, wie Waffen usw., ferramentum, Isid.: acria arma, Lucil. sat. 13, 1: hastas gerunt, angusto et brevi ferro, sed ita acri etc., Tac.: acres arcus, zum scharfen Schuß gespannte, straffe, Verg.: u. im Bilde, acres subiectat lasso stimulos, Hor.: secundae res acrioribus stimulis animos explorant, Tac.
II) übtr.: A) von den äußeren Sinnen, ihren Wahrnehmungen u. den dieselben erregenden Gegenständen: 1) scharf, pikant, beißend für den Geschmack (Ggstz. mollis, lenis, dulcis), sapor, Plin: cibus interdum mollis, interdum acer, Cels.: rapula, Hor.: acetum, Varr. fr. u. Cels.: manducare quae sunt acerrima, id est sinapi, allium, cepam, Cels.: umores, scharfe Säfte im Magen, Cic.: stomachus post vinum, der durch den Wein zu viel Schärfe bekommt, Hor. – dah. subst., acria, ium, n. pl., α) Scharfes = scharfe Speisen, ut vitet acria, ut est sinapi, cepa, allium, Varr. fr. – β) das Scharfe, die Schärfe, viscerum, Plin.: in cibis, Plin. – 2) empfindlich für das Gefühl, schneidend, stechend, beißend, übh. schmerzhaft, frigus, Lucr.: hiems, Hor.: acrior hiems, Plaut.: acrior ventus, heftigerer, Curt.: tempestates, rauhe Witterung, Caes.: sol (ὀξυς ηέλιος, Odyss.), die stechende, scharfbrennende S., Hor.: so auch solis potentia, Verg. – sitis, Tibull.: egestas, peinlich bittere Not, Lucr.: morbus, Plaut.: dolor corporis, cuius morsus est acerrimus, Cic.: febris acerrima, Aur. Vict. epit. – 3) durchdringend fürs Gehör, scharf, helltönend, gellend, grell, kreischend, v. Tönen usw., flammae sonitus das Knistern, Verg.: vox, Lucr.: vox acrior (Ggstz. iucundior), Quint.: syllabae acres (Ggstz. leniores), Quint. – übtr., acris tibia, Hor. carm. 1, 12, 1 sq. – 4) scharf, durchdringend, penetrant für den Geruch, odor, Lucr. u. Plin.: unguenta summā et acerrimā suavitate condita, Salben vom stärksten und durchdringendsten Geruch (Ggstz. ung. moderata, mäßig duftende), Cic. – übtr., naribus acres canes, von großer Spürkraft, Ov. met. 7, 806 sq. – 5) vom Gesicht, durchdringend, scharf, acerrimus sensus videndi, Cic.: acri adspectu uti, Cornif. rhet.: acri et defixo aspectu uti, den Blick scharf auf einen Punkt richten, Cornif. rhet. – u. (wie ὀξύς) blendend fürs Gesicht, blendend hell, lebhaft (von Farbe), bes. hell- oder hochpurpurfarbig, hochrot, splendor, Lucr.: rubor, Sen.
B) von den die innern Sinne erregenden Gegenständen u. von den innern Sinnen selbst, 1) v. den Empfindungen des innern Gefühls = stechend, nagend, empfindlich, schmerzlich, peinigend, pein lich, cura, Lucr.: dolor, Verg.: memoria, schmerzliches Andenken, Tac.: paenitentia, peinlich bittere, Tac. – 2) v. den Verstandeskräften u. ihren Ôußerungen, durchdringend, scharf, scharfsinnig, fein, treffend, acies (ingenii), Cic.: vir acri od. acerrimo ingenio, Cic. – investigator, Cic.: iudicium acrius et certius, Cic.: memoria (Gedächtnis), Cic. – 3) als moralische Eigenschaft: a) von seiten des Willens, feurig, hitzig, eifrig, energisch, tatkräftig, Ggstz. quietus (s. Benecke Cic. Cat. 3, 17. Fritzsche Hor. sat. 1, 3, 53. Dietsch Sall. Iug. 7, 4. Kritz Sall. Iug. 20, 2), impigrum atque acre ingenium, Sall.: animus, Cic. – vir, Sall.: testis, Cic.: civis acerrimus, Cic.: acrior in rebus gerendis, Cic.: homo ad perdiscendum acerrimus, von Lerneifer beseelt, Cic.: duces partium accendendo bello civili acres, Tac.: bes. von Kriegern, milites, Cic.: hostis Cic.: equus (Streitroß), Verg.: stetit acer in armis, Verg. – acer in ferro (im Kampf), Cic. ad Att. 2, 21, 4. – m. Genet. (= in), acer belli, Vell. 1, 3, 1: acer militiae, Tac. hist. 2, 5, 1. – m. Abl. (= in), bellis acer Halesus, Verg. Aen. 10, 411: Mithridates bello acerrimus, Vell. 2, 18, 1: acer equis, der reisige Held, Verg. georg. 3, 8: m. Infinit., iuga Pyrenes venatibus acer metiri, Sil. 3, 338: quis tendere contum acrior? Claud. IV. cons. Hon. 540. – subst., acria illa et erecta, feurige u. erhabene Stellen (Passagen), Plin. ep. 6, 33, 9. – b) von seiten der Affekte, hitzig, heftig, leidenschaftlich, streng, wild, grimmig (Ggstz. modestus, quietus, lenis, mitis, mollis), qui cum ita vehemens acerque venisset, ut etc.; ita eum placidum mollemque reddidi, ut etc., Cic.: acerrima uxor, Plaut.: pater, Ter.: aestimator, Cic.: potor, ein starker Zecher, Hor. – m. Genet., sermonis acer, Aur. Vict. epit. 42, 7. – so von Tieren, aper, Hor.: leo acerrimus, Cornif. rhet. u. Nep.: bes. von hitzigen u. bissigen Jagd- od. Haushunden, Cic., Hor. u.a.; vgl. Schwabe zu Phaedr. 3, 7, 18. – v. der Miene, vultus eorum indignitate rerum acrior, Liv. 9, 6, 2: vultus acer in hostem, Hor. carm. 1, 2, 39. – u. von den Affekten selbst, heftig, stark, leidenschaftlich, ira, Lucr.: amor gloriae, cupiditas, luctus, Cic.: acrior ad venerem feminae cupido quam regis, Curt. – dah. c) übh. v. abstrakten, poet. auch von konkreten Dingen, bei denen mit Eifer, Feuer, Heftigkeit, Strenge usw. zu Werke gegangen wird, hitzig, heftig, scharf, streng, gewaltig, eifrig, empfindlich, kränkend, hart, acriora consilia (Ggstz. cauta), Tac.: acerrima consilia (Ggstz. inertissima), Hirt. in Cic. ep.: militia, Hor.: bellum, Cic.: supplicium, Cic.: nox, wo es hart hergeht, Cic. – u. so wohl auch pocula, aus denen scharf gezecht wird = große, Hor. – subst., acre, is, n., die bittere Schärfe (Ggstz. ridiculum, Scherz), Hor. sat. 1, 10, 14. – longe maiora et acriora repetens, indem sein Streben weiter ging u. er dasselbe mit Heftigkeit verfolgte, Vell. 2, 6, 2. – / a) acer als fem. bei Enn. ann. 406; u. acris als masc. bei Enn. ann. 369. Cels. 8, 4. p. 337, 21 (D.). Col. 12, 17, 2. – b) Nbf. acrus, a, um, bei Spät.: caenum acrissimum, Pelag. vet. 16. Cod. Iust. 5, 5, 4. – c) Acc. neutr. acre, adv. = acriter, Sall. fr. u.a.
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19 coniungo
con-iungo, iūnxī, iūnctum, ere, zusammenknüpfen, zusammenbinden, verbinden, konstr. mit Dat. (wem? womit?), m. cum u. Abl., m. inter se, m. bl. Abl. (mit, durch), I) eig.: a) Tiere zusammenspannen (Ggstz. disiungere), boves, Cato r. r. 138: bis binos (equos), Lucr. 5, 1298. – b) lebl. Objj. durch irgend ein Band (im engern u. weitern Sinne) vereinigen, verbinden, oras (die Wundränder) suturā, Cels.: calamos plures cerā, Verg.: navi onerariae alteram, Caes.
II) übtr.: 1) räumlich, verbinden, vereinigen, aneinander od. ineinander fügen, a) übh.: α) lebl. Objj.: dextras, Verg.: dextram dextrae, Ov. – ossa (cruris) infra supraque coniuncta, media ut in brachio dehiscunt, Cels. – animam cum animo, Lucr.: eam epistulam cum hac epistula, Cic.: cum carne nervisque coniungi (v. Gliedern), Cels. – columellas capreolis c. inter se molli fastigio, Caes. – als gramm. t. t., c. verba, Wörter zusammensetzen, Quint. 8, 3, 36. – bes. ein Gebäude, eine Örtlichkeit mit einer andern verbinden, zusammenstoßen lassen, Passiv coniungi = zusammenstoßen, zusammenhängen, im Zusammenhang stehen, teils unmittelbar, teils durch Verbindungsmittel, aedificia (moenibus), Liv.: coniunguntur autem his (porticibus) domus ampliores, Vitr.: qui (portus) cum diversos inter se aditus habeant, in exitu coniunguntur et confluunt, Cic.: hunc montem murus circumdatus arcem efficit et cum oppido coniungit, Caes.: haec insula a superioribus regionibus in longitudinem passuum DCCCC in mare iactis molibus angusto itinere et ponte cum oppido coniungitur, Caes.: Baiarum medium intervallum Puteolanas ad moles ponte coniunxit, überbrückte er (wie ζευγνύναι πόρον, Ἑλλήσποντον), Suet. Vgl. 1. coniunctus no. 1. – u. als milit. t. t., castra castris, Lager gegen Lager aufschlagen (auch m. Ang. wo? zB. ad Corbionem, bei K.), Liv. – β) ein Tier an ein anderes heranbringen, herandrängen, equum equo Quadrati, Hirt. b. G. 8, 48, 5. – b) zu einem Verbande verbinden, vereinigen, zusammenstoßen lassen, u. refl. se coniungere u. Passiv coniungi = sich verbinden, sich vereinigen, sich anschließen, zusammenstoßen, sich aneinander schließen, bes. als milit. t. t., eas cohortes cum exercitu suo, Caes.: oppidanos sibi, Hirt. b. G.: arma Sidicinis finitumis, Liv.: ut copias coniungerem (verst. sibi) rogavit, Planc. in Cic. ep. – u. ut paulatim sese legiones coniungerent, Caes.: pauci ordinis senatorii, qui se cum iis coniunxerant, Caes.: cum se Libo cum Bibulo coniunxisset, Caes.: si nova manus Sueborum cum veteribus copiis Ariovisti sese coniunxisset, Caes. – c. se Hannibali, c. se Rhodiae classi, Liv.: c. se Barzaënti, Curt. – u. medial, ne tantae nationes coniungantur, Caes.: cum aeque coniungi (verst. sibi) possent, Liv.: ita regebat cursum, ut primi coniungi ultimis possent, Curt.
2) zeitlich: a) eine Zeit (mit) einer andern gleichs. verbinden, noctem diei, die N. zum T. hinzunehmen, in die N. hineinreisen, Caes. b. c. 3, 13. – b) etw. einer Sache verbinden = unmittelbar folgen lassen, consultis facta, Vell.: tristibus dictis atrocia facta, Tac. – od. etw. ununterbrochen fortsetzen, -fortführen, abstinentiam cibi, Tac.: consulatus, Suet.
3) übh. äußerlich od. innerlich in Verbindung, in Zusammenhang bringen, verbinden, vereinigen, a) lebl. Obj.: α) Buchstaben in deb Aussprache verbinden, zusammensprechen, vocales, Cic. or. 150. – β) Schriftliches anfügen, anknüpfen, pauca scribere coniungereque huic commentario, Hirt. b. G. 8, 48, 11. – u. (im Passiv) m. Abl., opere ipso coniungi, Curt. 5, 1, 2. – γ) Data im Gedächtnisse anreihen, prioribus sequentia, Quint. 11, 2, 20. – δ) irgend ein Verhältnis, irgend einen Zustand usw. mit etw. od. jmd. in Verbindung bringen, verbinden, vereinigen, verknüpfen, verwickeln, somnos cum alqa (poet. = mit jmd. zusammen schlafen), Catull. 64, 331. – causam alcis (od. salutem alcis) cum communi salute, Cic.: iudicium suum cum illius auctoritate, Quint.: sententiam hanc cum Aristippi vetere sententia, Cic.: cum probro privato imperii dedecus (mit persönlicher Schande die Entehrung des Staates), Cic.: cum his testibus suam religionem, auf diese Zeugen die Erfüllung seiner Religionspflichten gründen, Cic. – u. mit Dat., facultati instrumentum, Quint.: laudem oratori, Quint. – u. m. ad u. Akk., laudem alcis ad utilitatem nostrae causae, Quint. – m. Ang. worin? durch in m. Abl., quorum in doctrina atque praeceptis disserendi ratio coniungitur cum suavitate dicendi et copia, geht Hand in Hand mit usw., Cic. – selten = aus zwei Teilen vereinigen, zusammensetzen, quod (Epicurus) e duplici genere voluptatis coniunctus est, weil Epikur (d.i. das höchste Gut des E.) aus einer doppelten Art von Lust zusammengesetzt ist, Cic. de fin. 2, 44. – ε) prägn., etw. verbinden, αα) = etw. gemeinsam unternehmen, c. bellum, Cic. de imp. Pomp. 26: cum amicis aut bene meritis consociare aut coniungere iniuriam, zu einem Unrecht sich verbrüdern od. verbinden, Cic. de fin. 3, 71. – ββ) = eine Verbindung (Ehe, Freundschaft) schließen, c. Sabinorum conubia, Cic.: nuptiae non genere ac nobilitate coniunctae, sed electā corporum specie, Curt.: c. societatem amicitiamque, Sall.: amicitias, Cic.: necessitudinem, Cic.: benevolentiam, Cic. – b) Pers.: α) übh. verbinden, mit einschließen, dedecus est nostrum, nostrum inquam, te coniungens, Cic.: quem ego civem cum deorum immortalium laude coniungo, verschwistere, Cic. – β) durch irgend ein Band im Staats- od. Familienleben verbinden, αα) im allg.: inter nos naturā ad civilem communitatem coniuncti et consociati sumus, zu einer staatlichen Gemeinschaft verbunden u. verbrüdert, Cic. – politisch, res publica nos inter nos conciliatura coniuncturaque est, Cic.: Milonem sibi, Caes.: coniungi Macedonibus, Liv. – u. m. Ang. wozu? durch ad m. Akk., Lepido coniuncto (verst. mihi) ad rem publicam defendendam, Planc. in Cic. ep. – geschäftlich, socium fallere, qui se in negotio coniunxit, Cic. – gesellig, freundschaftlich, optimum quemque hospitio atque amicitiā, Cic.: his rebus sibi multos ex Romanis familiari amicitiā, Cic.: me tibi studia communia coniungunt, Cic. – verwandtschaftlich, cum tota domus coniugio et stirpe coniungitur, Cic.: se tecum affinitate coniungi cupit, Nep. – ββ) ehelich, verbinden, vereinigen, filias suas alcis filiis matrimonio, Liv.: alqam secum matrimonio, Curt.: alqam sibi iusto matrimonio, Suet.: u. bl. sibi alqam, Suet.: se cum alqo (v. der Frau), Ov.: coniungi Poppaeae, Tac. – γγ) in Liebe vereinigen, versöhnen, diversos iterum c. amantes, Prop. 1, 10, 15.
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20 acer
1. acer, eris, n., der Ahornbaum, der Ahorn (als Baum u. als Holz), Ov., Plin. u.a. – ⇒ acer als fem. bei Serv. Verg. Aen. 2, 16 (wo Akk. acerem); vgl. Prisc. 5, 15 u. 6, 44.————————2. ācer, cris, cre (verwandt mit aceo, acies, griech. ἄκρος, spitz u. ἀκίς, Spitze, deutsch Achel), Adj. m. Compar. u. Superl., scharf, schneidend, I) eig., von empfindlich treffenden Werkzeugen, wie Waffen usw., ferramentum, Isid.: acria arma, Lucil. sat. 13, 1: hastas gerunt, angusto et brevi ferro, sed ita acri etc., Tac.: acres arcus, zum scharfen Schuß gespannte, straffe, Verg.: u. im Bilde, acres subiectat lasso stimulos, Hor.: secundae res acrioribus stimulis animos explorant, Tac.II) übtr.: A) von den äußeren Sinnen, ihren Wahrnehmungen u. den dieselben erregenden Gegenständen: 1) scharf, pikant, beißend für den Geschmack (Ggstz. mollis, lenis, dulcis), sapor, Plin: cibus interdum mollis, interdum acer, Cels.: rapula, Hor.: acetum, Varr. fr. u. Cels.: manducare quae sunt acerrima, id est sinapi, allium, cepam, Cels.: umores, scharfe Säfte im Magen, Cic.: stomachus post vinum, der durch den Wein zu viel Schärfe bekommt, Hor. – dah. subst., acria, ium, n. pl., α) Scharfes = scharfe Speisen, ut vitet acria, ut est sinapi, cepa, allium, Varr. fr. – β) das Scharfe, die Schärfe, viscerum, Plin.: in cibis, Plin. – 2) empfindlich für das Gefühl, schneidend, stechend, beißend, übh. schmerzhaft, frigus, Lucr.: hiems, Hor.: acrior hiems, Plaut.: acrior ventus, heftigerer, Curt.: tempestates, rauhe Witte-————rung, Caes.: sol (ὀξυς ηέλιος, Odyss.), die stechende, scharfbrennende S., Hor.: so auch solis potentia, Verg. – sitis, Tibull.: egestas, peinlich bittere Not, Lucr.: morbus, Plaut.: dolor corporis, cuius morsus est acerrimus, Cic.: febris acerrima, Aur. Vict. epit. – 3) durchdringend fürs Gehör, scharf, helltönend, gellend, grell, kreischend, v. Tönen usw., flammae sonitus das Knistern, Verg.: vox, Lucr.: vox acrior (Ggstz. iucundior), Quint.: syllabae acres (Ggstz. leniores), Quint. – übtr., acris tibia, Hor. carm. 1, 12, 1 sq. – 4) scharf, durchdringend, penetrant für den Geruch, odor, Lucr. u. Plin.: unguenta summā et acerrimā suavitate condita, Salben vom stärksten und durchdringendsten Geruch (Ggstz. ung. moderata, mäßig duftende), Cic. – übtr., naribus acres canes, von großer Spürkraft, Ov. met. 7, 806 sq. – 5) vom Gesicht, durchdringend, scharf, acerrimus sensus videndi, Cic.: acri adspectu uti, Cornif. rhet.: acri et defixo aspectu uti, den Blick scharf auf einen Punkt richten, Cornif. rhet. – u. (wie ὀξύς) blendend fürs Gesicht, blendend hell, lebhaft (von Farbe), bes. hell- oder hochpurpurfarbig, hochrot, splendor, Lucr.: rubor, Sen.B) von den die innern Sinne erregenden Gegenständen u. von den innern Sinnen selbst, 1) v. den Empfindungen des innern Gefühls = stechend, nagend, empfindlich, schmerzlich, peinigend, pein-————lich, cura, Lucr.: dolor, Verg.: memoria, schmerzliches Andenken, Tac.: paenitentia, peinlich bittere, Tac. – 2) v. den Verstandeskräften u. ihren Фußerungen, durchdringend, scharf, scharfsinnig, fein, treffend, acies (ingenii), Cic.: vir acri od. acerrimo ingenio, Cic. – investigator, Cic.: iudicium acrius et certius, Cic.: memoria (Gedächtnis), Cic. – 3) als moralische Eigenschaft: a) von seiten des Willens, feurig, hitzig, eifrig, energisch, tatkräftig, Ggstz. quietus (s. Benecke Cic. Cat. 3, 17. Fritzsche Hor. sat. 1, 3, 53. Dietsch Sall. Iug. 7, 4. Kritz Sall. Iug. 20, 2), impigrum atque acre ingenium, Sall.: animus, Cic. – vir, Sall.: testis, Cic.: civis acerrimus, Cic.: acrior in rebus gerendis, Cic.: homo ad perdiscendum acerrimus, von Lerneifer beseelt, Cic.: duces partium accendendo bello civili acres, Tac.: bes. von Kriegern, milites, Cic.: hostis Cic.: equus (Streitroß), Verg.: stetit acer in armis, Verg. – acer in ferro (im Kampf), Cic. ad Att. 2, 21, 4. – m. Genet. (= in), acer belli, Vell. 1, 3, 1: acer militiae, Tac. hist. 2, 5, 1. – m. Abl. (= in), bellis acer Halesus, Verg. Aen. 10, 411: Mithridates bello acerrimus, Vell. 2, 18, 1: acer equis, der reisige Held, Verg. georg. 3, 8: m. Infinit., iuga Pyrenes venatibus acer metiri, Sil. 3, 338: quis tendere contum acrior? Claud. IV. cons. Hon. 540. – subst., acria illa et erecta, feurige u. erhabene Stellen (Passagen), Plin. ep. 6, 33, 9. – b) von seiten der Af-————fekte, hitzig, heftig, leidenschaftlich, streng, wild, grimmig (Ggstz. modestus, quietus, lenis, mitis, mollis), qui cum ita vehemens acerque venisset, ut etc.; ita eum placidum mollemque reddidi, ut etc., Cic.: acerrima uxor, Plaut.: pater, Ter.: aestimator, Cic.: potor, ein starker Zecher, Hor. – m. Genet., sermonis acer, Aur. Vict. epit. 42, 7. – so von Tieren, aper, Hor.: leo acerrimus, Cornif. rhet. u. Nep.: bes. von hitzigen u. bissigen Jagd- od. Haushunden, Cic., Hor. u.a.; vgl. Schwabe zu Phaedr. 3, 7, 18. – v. der Miene, vultus eorum indignitate rerum acrior, Liv. 9, 6, 2: vultus acer in hostem, Hor. carm. 1, 2, 39. – u. von den Affekten selbst, heftig, stark, leidenschaftlich, ira, Lucr.: amor gloriae, cupiditas, luctus, Cic.: acrior ad venerem feminae cupido quam regis, Curt. – dah. c) übh. v. abstrakten, poet. auch von konkreten Dingen, bei denen mit Eifer, Feuer, Heftigkeit, Strenge usw. zu Werke gegangen wird, hitzig, heftig, scharf, streng, gewaltig, eifrig, empfindlich, kränkend, hart, acriora consilia (Ggstz. cauta), Tac.: acerrima consilia (Ggstz. inertissima), Hirt. in Cic. ep.: militia, Hor.: bellum, Cic.: supplicium, Cic.: nox, wo es hart hergeht, Cic. – u. so wohl auch pocula, aus denen scharf gezecht wird = große, Hor. – subst., acre, is, n., die bittere Schärfe (Ggstz. ridiculum, Scherz), Hor. sat. 1, 10, 14. – longe maiora et acriora repetens, indem sein Streben weiter ging u. er das-————selbe mit Heftigkeit verfolgte, Vell. 2, 6, 2. – ⇒ a) acer als fem. bei Enn. ann. 406; u. acris als masc. bei Enn. ann. 369. Cels. 8, 4. p. 337, 21 (D.). Col. 12, 17, 2. – b) Nbf. acrus, a, um, bei Spät.: caenum acrissimum, Pelag. vet. 16. Cod. Iust. 5, 5, 4. – c) Acc. neutr. acre, adv. = acriter, Sall. fr. u.a.
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См. также в других словарях:
PHAROS — I. PHAROS insula Illyrici, a Pariis, Olymp. 98. Ann. 4. adiuvante Dionysiô, colonis repleta, Lesina Italis et Procopio, Phara Porphyrogen. Haar Slavis, ad Ortu in Occidentem ad 60. mill. pass. extensa, 10. mill. pass. a Corcyra Melana in Boream,… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
VESTIS — primi hominis innocentia fuit, cui postquam iniquitas successit, vidit se nudum esse, et consutis foliis fecit sibi subligacula, Genes. c. 3. v. 7. ut sic membris minime honestis honorem circumponeret, prout loquitur Paulus 1. Corinth. c. 12. v.… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
CHALCIS — I. CHALCIS Graece Χαλκὶς, nomen avis, ἀπὸ τῆς χάλκης; quibusdam noctua est, quae Graecis γλαῦξ. Item piscis, et serpentis, quibus similiter non tam a patria, quam a colore coeurleo, de quo diximus supra in voce Calcha, illud haesit. Et quidem… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
ULYSSES — Rex Ithacae et Dulichii insularum, filius Laertae et Anticleae, quamquam non desunt, qui ex Sisypho conceptum velint, qui Anticleae, cum ad Laertae nuptias duceretur, vim dicitur obtulisse. Unde Aiax apud Ovid. l. 13. Met. v. 31. s. Quid sanguine … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
LUDUS, a LYDIS — qui ex Asia transvenae, Duce Tyrrheno, cum fratri suo regni contentione cederet, in Hetruria consederint, ibique inter ceteros ritus superstitionum suarum spectacula quoque religionis nomine instituerint, quibusdam dictus videtur. Varro Ludos a… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
Thür — 1. A breite Thür herein ün a schmale heraus. (Jüd. deutsch. Warschau.) Von anscheinend lockenden Geschäften, die uns später viel Sorge machen. 2. An der Thür des vollen Gewölbes drängen sich Freunde und Verwandte, aber die kalte Küche ist leer. 3 … Deutsches Sprichwörter-Lexikon
Наиболее употребляемые в литературе по ботанике латинские сокращения — а. = annus, anno год, в году ab init. = ab initio от начала, вначале (напр., ab initio Julii mensis от начала июля). absque dubio без всякого сомнения ad до, на, по в т. п. ad fin. = ad finem до конца (напр., ad finem Julii mensis до конца июля) … Словарь ботанических терминов
